Question 1

Which hue of light has the greatest impact on suppressing melatonin production and shifting the circadian rhythm?

Accepted Answer

Blue light

Question 2

A patient reports waking up suddenly in the night, gasping for air, and feeling very tired during the day. Which sleep disorder is most consistent with these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea

Question 3

Which of the following statements about hypnosis is supported by research?

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis can increase pain tolerance in some individuals.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

Taking away chores when a child gets good grades

Question 5

In classical conditioning, what is the correct sequence of events for learning to occur?

Accepted Answer

Conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented before the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Question 6

A slot machine pays out on average every 20 plays, but the exact number varies. This is an example of which schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

Variable ratio

Question 7

Which memory system has the shortest duration and the largest span?

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a schema in memory?

Accepted Answer

A mental framework for organizing information about restaurants, such as expecting to be seated and given a menu

Question 9

A student studies for a psychology exam by testing herself with practice questions and explaining concepts aloud. Which effective study technique is she using?

Accepted Answer

Retrieval practice

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs?

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional studies compare different age groups at one point in time, while longitudinal studies follow the same individuals over time.

Question 11

According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete events but not abstract concepts?

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational stage

Question 12

Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget’s theory that is supported by current research?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive development is more continuous and less stage-like than Piaget proposed.

Question 13

Which attachment style is characterized by infants who are upset when their caregiver leaves, but ambivalent or angry when the caregiver returns?

Accepted Answer

Resistant (anxious-ambivalent) attachment

Question 14

According to Kohlberg’s model, which level of moral development is characterized by behavior driven by the desire to avoid punishment or gain rewards?

Accepted Answer

Preconventional

Question 15

Which theory of emotion proposes that physiological arousal and cognitive labeling occur simultaneously and independently?

Accepted Answer

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 16

Which of the following is a major pitfall of polygraph (lie detector) tests?

Accepted Answer

They have a high rate of false positives, mistaking nervousness for lying.

Question 17

A person who studies hard for a test because they enjoy learning is motivated by which type of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major principles guiding attraction and relationship formation?

Accepted Answer

Competition

Question 19

According to Sternberg’s triangular theory of love, which type of love consists of passion and commitment but lacks intimacy?

Accepted Answer

Fatuous love

Question 20

A person is more likely to develop a substance use disorder if they have which of the following risk factors?

Accepted Answer

High genetic vulnerability and frequent exposure to substance-using peers

Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guidance for Introduction to Psychology Exam 2 Topics

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards