Question 1

Which of the following best defines 'consciousness' as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Awareness of internal and external stimuli such as feelings, pain, or detection of light.

Question 2

Which brain structure is primarily responsible for generating circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Question 3

A person who works rotating shifts is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms due to circadian rhythm disruption?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue, sluggishness, irritability, and insomnia

Question 4

During which stage of sleep do sleep spindles and K-complexes typically appear?

Accepted Answer

Stage N2

Question 5

Which hormone is released by the pineal gland and is involved in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 6

A patient reports vivid, dream-like hallucinations and sudden loss of muscle tone while awake. Which sleep disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between nightmares and night terrors?

Accepted Answer

Night terrors occur during NREM sleep and are not usually remembered, while nightmares occur during REM sleep and are often remembered.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of GABA agonists such as benzodiazepines?

Accepted Answer

They suppress central nervous system activity by making neurons less likely to fire.

Question 9

A person who has developed tolerance to a drug will:

Accepted Answer

Require increasing amounts of the drug to achieve the same effect.

Question 10

Which of the following is a plausible explanation for why sleep is important for cognitive function?

Accepted Answer

Slow-wave sleep is essential for effective memory formation.

Question 11

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant and acts as a dopamine agonist by blocking dopamine reuptake?

Accepted Answer

Cocaine

Question 12

A person experiencing sleep apnea is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Frequent awakenings and increased fatigue during the day

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the main effect of hallucinogens?

Accepted Answer

Changes in sensory and perceptual experiences, often involving vivid hallucinations

Question 14

According to Freud, the manifest content of a dream refers to:

Accepted Answer

The actual content or storyline of the dream.

Question 15

Which of the following is a recommended strategy for improving sleep quality based on sleep psychology research?

Accepted Answer

Avoid screens for at least one hour before bedtime.

Question 16

A person who experiences an irresistible urge to move their legs when trying to fall asleep is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Restless leg syndrome

Question 17

Which of the following statements about hypnosis is supported by the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis can be used for pain management and treatment of depression and anxiety.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the EEG brain wave activity during REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

Brain waves similar to those seen during wakefulness

Question 19

Which of the following is a potential consequence of chronic sleep deprivation?

Accepted Answer

Disruptions in cognition and memory deficits

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why melatonin supplements might help someone with jet lag?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin helps synchronize the sleep-wake cycle with the new time zone by signaling darkness to the body.

Chapter 4 PSYC

Study Guide - Practice Questions