Question 1

According to the 'Incompatibility Perception,' why do people often expect others to act in their own self-interest during negotiations?

Accepted Answer

Because people misperceive others' motives as self-interested, and expect it to be the only thing that matters to them.

Question 2

In the Blood Donation Study (Miller, 1999), what was the main finding regarding students' willingness to donate blood?

Accepted Answer

Students estimated that 13% of their peers would donate blood for free, but 63% would donate for $15.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the Prisoner's Dilemma as it relates to cooperation and competition?

Accepted Answer

It shows that if both parties act in self-interest, their joint and individual outcomes will be poor.

Question 4

The Common Dilemma involves which of the following scenarios?

Accepted Answer

A situation where access to a shared resource, such as a fishery, is unrestricted and overuse leads to depletion.

Question 5

According to the Competitive Issues Study (Kelley, 1970), what happens when competitive actors are paired together?

Accepted Answer

They mutually reinforce each other's competitiveness, leading to less cooperation.

Question 6

Which of the following is a consequence of loneliness, as described by Hawkley (2010)?

Accepted Answer

Increased mortality and poorer immune functioning.

Question 7

The Social Pain Hypothesis (MacDonald, 2005) suggests what about the experience of social exclusion?

Accepted Answer

Social exclusion activates the same neural circuits as physical pain.

Question 8

According to Social Exchange Theory, what determines the stability of a relationship?

Accepted Answer

The ratio of perceived rewards to costs.

Question 9

In the context of partner idealization (Murray et al., 2011), what is the effect of idealizing one's partner?

Accepted Answer

It leads to greater satisfaction and commitment over time.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the 'Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis'?

Accepted Answer

Empathy for another person can motivate helping behavior even when no personal reward is expected.

Question 11

According to the Frustration-Aggression Theory (Dollard et al., 1939), what is the relationship between frustration and aggression?

Accepted Answer

Frustration is a necessary and sufficient condition for aggressive behavior.

Question 12

What is the main finding of the 'Taste Tester Study' (Giner-Sorolla, 2001) regarding self-control?

Accepted Answer

Guilt helped participants eat less when it was tied to a long-term personal goal.

Question 13

Which of the following is a key takeaway from the 'Discretion is Advised' study?

Accepted Answer

Advertisements are less effective when they appear in violent/sexual shows.

Question 14

According to the Self-Expansion Theory (Aron, 1986), what is a primary motivation for forming close relationships?

Accepted Answer

To include others in one's sense of self and expand one's identity.

Question 15

In the context of aggression, what does the Social Learning Theory propose?

Accepted Answer

Aggression can be learned by observing others and imitating them.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an egotistic motive for helping?

Accepted Answer

Helping to relieve one's own distress after witnessing another's suffering.

Question 17

What is a major implication of the 'Myth of Self-Interest' as discussed in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

People overestimate the influence of self-interest on others' behavior.

Question 18

According to the study materials, what is a common effect of loneliness on physical health?

Accepted Answer

Higher blood pressure and poorer immune function.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the 'Accurate Goal Perception' in negotiations?

Accepted Answer

Each party is accurately aware of both their own and the other party's interests.

Question 20

In the context of relationships, what is the main finding regarding equity and satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

Satisfaction is highest when partners' contributions and rewards are balanced.

Cooperation, Competition, Relationships, and Social Behavior in Psychology

Study Guide - Practice Questions