Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of object permanence as it relates to Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

The ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, which typically develops during the sensorimotor period.

Question 2

A child is presented with two identical glasses of water. The water from one glass is poured into a taller, thinner glass. The child insists the taller glass has more water. According to Piaget, which concept is the child struggling with?

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Question 3

Which stage of prenatal development is most vulnerable to teratogens, and why?

Accepted Answer

Embryonic stage, because major organs and structures are forming.

Question 4

A child who shows distress when their caregiver leaves but is quickly comforted upon their return is demonstrating which type of attachment according to the Strange Situation test?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Question 5

According to Kohlberg's theory, which level of moral reasoning is characterized by an individual's adherence to societal rules and laws to maintain social order?

Accepted Answer

Conventional level

Question 6

A child in the preoperational stage of cognitive development is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Struggle with conservation tasks and display egocentrism.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?

Accepted Answer

A condition caused by prenatal exposure to alcohol, resulting in physical, cognitive, and behavioral problems.

Question 8

According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which crisis is faced during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. role confusion

Question 9

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

A toddler explores a new environment but returns to their caregiver for comfort when distressed.

Question 10

Which stage of Piaget's cognitive development is associated with the ability to think logically about concrete events but struggles with abstract concepts?

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational stage

Question 11

A researcher observes that a child can solve hypothetical problems and reason about abstract concepts. According to Piaget, which stage is this child in?

Accepted Answer

Formal operational stage

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of language development in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

Children progress from babbling to using single words, then to combining words into simple sentences.

Question 13

During which prenatal stage does implantation of the zygote occur?

Accepted Answer

Germinal stage

Question 14

A child who believes that everyone sees the world exactly as they do is demonstrating which cognitive limitation?

Accepted Answer

Egocentrism

Question 15

Which of the following is a key finding from Harlow's research on attachment in monkeys?

Accepted Answer

Monkeys preferred the cloth mother over the wire mother, demonstrating the importance of comfort in attachment.

Question 16

Which of the following best illustrates postconventional moral reasoning according to Kohlberg?

Accepted Answer

An individual decides to break a law because they believe it conflicts with universal ethical principles.

Question 17

If a pregnant woman consumes alcohol during the embryonic stage, what is the most likely risk to the developing fetus?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of fetal alcohol syndrome, leading to physical and cognitive impairments.

Question 18

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of words a child learns ($$N) $$and their age in months ($$A$$), assuming a linear increase of 50 words per month?

Accepted Answer

$$N = 50A$$

Question 19

A child who can solve conservation tasks but cannot yet think abstractly is most likely in which Piagetian stage?

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational stage

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of teratogens in prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

Teratogens are environmental agents that can cause harm to the developing embryo or fetus, especially during critical periods.

Developmental Psychology: Key Concepts and Stages

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