Question 1

According to Piaget, which cognitive milestone is typically achieved during the sensorimotor period?

Accepted Answer

Development of object permanence

Question 2

A child is shown two identical glasses of water. The water from one glass is poured into a taller, thinner glass. The child insists the taller glass has more water. According to Piaget, this child is most likely in which stage?

Accepted Answer

Preoperational

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between preconventional and postconventional moral reasoning according to Kohlberg?

Accepted Answer

Preconventional reasoning is based on obedience and self-interest, while postconventional is based on universal ethical principles.

Question 4

A researcher presents a moral dilemma to a 16-year-old who argues that laws should be followed unless they violate basic human rights. According to Kohlberg, which stage of moral development is this?

Accepted Answer

Postconventional

Question 5

Which sequence correctly represents the stages of prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

Germinal, embryonic, fetal

Question 6

A pregnant woman consumes large amounts of alcohol during her first trimester. Which of the following is the most likely outcome for the developing fetus?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of fetal alcohol syndrome, especially during the embryonic stage

Question 7

Harlow’s experiments with rhesus monkeys demonstrated that infant attachment is primarily based on:

Accepted Answer

Physical comfort and contact

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates Erikson’s stage of identity vs. role confusion?

Accepted Answer

An adolescent exploring different career paths and personal values

Question 9

A child who understands that the quantity of clay remains the same even when its shape changes has mastered which concept?

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Question 10

Which of the following is a key feature of language development during the preoperational stage?

Accepted Answer

Rapid vocabulary expansion and symbolic thinking

Question 11

A child in the concrete operational stage is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Think logically about concrete events

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the germinal stage of prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

It is the period from conception to two weeks, involving rapid cell division and implantation.

Question 13

Which scenario best demonstrates secure attachment in a child?

Accepted Answer

A child is distressed when the caregiver leaves but is quickly comforted upon return.

Question 14

According to Erikson, failure to resolve the crisis of trust vs. mistrust during infancy may result in:

Accepted Answer

Difficulty forming intimate relationships later in life

Question 15

A child who believes that everyone sees the world exactly as they do is demonstrating which cognitive limitation?

Accepted Answer

Egocentrism

Question 16

Which of the following is a common symptom of fetal alcohol syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Distinct facial abnormalities and cognitive impairments

Question 17

A 10-year-old can solve math problems involving real objects but struggles with hypothetical scenarios. According to Piaget, which stage is this child in?

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the formal operational stage?

Accepted Answer

Ability to use abstract reasoning and hypothetical thinking

Question 19

A child is able to recognize that a hidden toy still exists even when out of sight. This demonstrates mastery of which concept?

Accepted Answer

Object permanence

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates the application of Vygotsky’s concept of the zone of proximal development ($$ZPD) in a $$classroom?

Accepted Answer

Offering support and scaffolding for tasks just beyond the students’ current abilities

Developmental Psychology: Key Concepts and Stages

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