Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'neuroplasticity' as discussed in the life-span perspective?

Accepted Answer

A child who learns to play the piano develops new neural connections in the brain.

Question 2

According to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model, which of the following is an example of an exosystem influence on a child’s development?

Accepted Answer

A parent’s workplace policies affecting the amount of time the parent can spend with the child.

Question 3

A researcher wants to study the effects of a new teaching method on student performance. She randomly assigns students to either the new method or the traditional method. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The type of teaching method used.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis results in two identical diploid cells, while meiosis results in four genetically unique haploid cells.

Question 5

A psychologist is interested in the heritability of intelligence. She compares the IQ scores of identical twins raised apart and together. Which research method is she using?

Accepted Answer

Adoption study

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a passive gene-environment correlation?

Accepted Answer

A child inherits musical ability from their parents and is raised in a home filled with music.

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'critical period' in prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

Exposure to a teratogen during organogenesis leads to major structural abnormalities.

Question 8

A researcher finds a correlation coefficient of $$ r = -0.85 $$ between hours of sleep and number of car accidents among adolescents. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

As hours of sleep increase, the number of car accidents decreases.

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between Freud’s and Erikson’s theories of development?

Accepted Answer

Erikson emphasized psychosocial conflicts across the lifespan, while Freud focused on psychosexual stages in childhood.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'storm and stress' as proposed by G. Stanley Hall?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence is a period marked by emotional turbulence and conflict.

Question 11

A child is born with 47 chromosomes due to an extra copy of chromosome 21. This is an example of which chromosomal abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Question 12

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'differential susceptibility hypothesis'?

Accepted Answer

Some children are more affected by both positive and negative environmental influences due to their genetic makeup.

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of a rite of passage?

Accepted Answer

A Jewish boy’s Bar Mitzvah ceremony at age 13.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is an individual’s genetic makeup, while phenotype is the observable expression of those genes.

Question 15

A researcher is conducting a longitudinal study on cognitive decline in older adults. Which of the following is a potential limitation of this research design?

Accepted Answer

Participants may drop out over time, leading to attrition.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a teratogen and its effect?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy leading to fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the cephalocaudal principle of development?

Accepted Answer

Development proceeds from the head downward.

Question 18

A 14-year-old girl experiences menarche. This event is an example of which type of developmental change?

Accepted Answer

Primary sex characteristic

Question 19

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'nonshared environmental influences'?

Accepted Answer

Two siblings in the same family have different peer groups and hobbies.

Question 20

A researcher finds that children from low SES backgrounds have a higher risk of health problems. Which of the following is a plausible explanation based on the biopsychosocialcultural model?

Accepted Answer

Low SES is associated with limited access to healthcare, increased stress, and cultural barriers.

Developmental Psychology: Key Concepts and Theories

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