Question 1

Which theory of aging suggests that random damage to cells and tissues accumulates over time, leading to aging?

Accepted Answer

Stochastic theory

Question 2

A 52-year-old adult is experiencing increased self-satisfaction and values their spouse as a companion. According to Gould’s theory, which age range does this behavior most likely correspond to?

Accepted Answer

Ages 50–60

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a common myth associated with ageism?

Accepted Answer

Older adults have higher intelligence than younger adults

Question 4

According to Erikson’s theory, what is the primary psychosocial task of older adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Ego integrity versus despair

Question 5

A nurse is teaching a middle-aged client about health promotion. Which recommendation is most appropriate based on common health problems in middle adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Schedule regular health screenings and immunizations

Question 6

Which equation best represents the probability $$P of $$developing chronic illness in older adulthood, considering risk factors $$R$$ and protective factors $$F$$?

Accepted Answer

$$P = \frac{R}{F}$$

Question 7

A 68-year-old patient presents with mild short-term memory loss but intact long-term memory. Which cognitive change is most consistent with normal aging?

Accepted Answer

Mild short-term memory loss

Question 8

Which of the following is a developmental task for middle adulthood according to Havighurst?

Accepted Answer

Assist children to become responsible adults

Question 9

A nurse uses the SPICES assessment tool for an older adult. Which issue is NOT directly assessed by SPICES?

Accepted Answer

Polypharmacy

Question 10

Which factor is most likely to increase the risk of elder abuse according to recent studies?

Accepted Answer

Environmental and social inequities

Question 11

A 45-year-old adult is struggling to adjust to aging parents and maintain a satisfactory occupation. Which theory best explains these developmental tasks?

Accepted Answer

Havighurst’s theory of learned behaviors

Question 12

Which of the following statements about cognitive development in older adulthood is correct?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence increases into the 60’s

Question 13

A nurse is caring for an older adult who is experiencing slower reflexes and decreased sensory ability. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of accidental injuries

Question 14

Which formula best represents the relationship between life expectancy $$L$$, socioeconomic factors $$S$$, and health care access $$H$$?

Accepted Answer

$$L = S 	imes H$$

Question 15

Which spiritual development stage is characterized by mutual perspective-taking and appreciation of symbolism, according to Fowler?

Accepted Answer

Paradoxical-consolidative

Question 16

A 70-year-old adult is described as having a transformation from a materialistic perspective to a more transcendent vision. Which concept best describes this change?

Accepted Answer

Gerotranscendence

Question 17

Which of the following is a common health problem in middle adulthood that nurses should address through education and screening?

Accepted Answer

Malignant neoplasms

Question 18

A nurse is assessing an older adult for confusion. Which condition is most likely to cause temporary confusion that resolves with treatment?

Accepted Answer

Delirium

Question 19

Which equation best represents the relationship between risk of elder abuse $$E$$, environmental inequities $$I$$, and social support $$S$$?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \frac{I}{S}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a major task for older adults according to Havighurst?

Accepted Answer

Maintenance of social contacts and relationships

Developmental Psychology: Middle and Older Adulthood

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