Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of glial cells in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They provide structural support, nourishment, and insulation for neurons.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the relationship between sleep duration and academic performance among college students. Which research method is most appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

Correlational research

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with mood regulation and is often linked to depression when levels are low?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 4

A split-brain patient is shown a picture of a key in their left visual field and a ring in their right visual field. Which object will the patient be able to verbally identify?

Accepted Answer

Only the ring

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a depth perception cue that requires both eyes?

Accepted Answer

Binocular disparity

Question 6

According to Gestalt principles, which principle explains why we tend to group objects that are close to each other?

Accepted Answer

Proximity

Question 7

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for regulating basic life functions such as breathing and heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Medulla

Question 8

A psychologist is interested in how genetic factors influence intelligence. Which research method would be most appropriate for this investigation?

Accepted Answer

Twin studies

Question 9

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'resting potential' in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

The neuron is at a stable, negative charge inside relative to outside, ready to fire.

Question 10

Which of the following formulas correctly represents the calculation of a correlation coefficient $$r$$ between two variables $$X$$ and $$Y$$?

Accepted Answer

$$r = \frac{\sum (X_i - \bar{X})(Y_i - \bar{Y})}{\sqrt{\sum (X_i - \bar{X})^2$ \sum (Y_i - \bar{Y})^2$}}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a common pitfall when evaluating research findings?

Accepted Answer

Assuming correlation implies causation

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

It relays sensory information to the appropriate areas of the brain.

Question 13

A psychologist uses structured interviews to collect data from participants. Which research method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive research

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a principle of heredity and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter release

Question 15

Which visual illusion demonstrates the Gestalt principle of closure?

Accepted Answer

Seeing a complete shape even when parts are missing

Question 16

Which of the following is a key ethical consideration in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from participants

Question 17

Which part of the brain is most involved in forming new memories?

Accepted Answer

Hippocampus

Question 18

A psychologist wants to determine if caffeine causes increased alertness. Which research design should be used?

Accepted Answer

Experimental research

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord; the PNS includes all other nerves.

Question 20

Which formula represents the calculation of mean ($$\bar{X}) $$for a set of scores $$X_1$$, $$X_2$$, ..., X_n$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\bar{X} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} X_i}{n}$$

Foundations of Psychology: Key Topics and Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards