Question 1

Which of the following best describes a representational gesture?

Accepted Answer

A gesture that physically imitates the action or concept being discussed, such as pumping arms to represent running.

Question 2

According to research, what is a likely outcome for children who point more frequently before speaking?

Accepted Answer

They tend to have a larger vocabulary 6 months later.

Question 3

Which statement best explains why gestures are linked with language development in children?

Accepted Answer

Gestures help children indicate what they want before they can verbalize it, supporting early communication.

Question 4

A parent notices their child points at a dog and says 'sleeping.' According to the study materials, what does this behavior suggest?

Accepted Answer

The child is using a gesture-word stage, which predicts ability in later word combinations.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a communicative gesture?

Accepted Answer

Scratching one's wrist without communicative intent.

Question 6

In studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals, which group was found to use more representational gestures?

Accepted Answer

Bilinguals, especially in their weaker language.

Question 7

Why might representational gestures be particularly useful for bilinguals with weaker language skills?

Accepted Answer

They help activate mental representations and support communication when vocabulary is limited.

Question 8

Which methodology was commonly used in the studies referenced in the materials to assess gesture use?

Accepted Answer

Watching shows with no spoken words.

Question 9

A study found that parents who used representational gestures while talking about a farm set with their children saw what effect?

Accepted Answer

Bigger vocabulary growth in their children.

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'gesture before speaking' in language development?

Accepted Answer

A child who points to a toy before being able to say its name.

Question 11

Which preliminary conclusion was drawn about the relationship between bilingualism and gesture rate?

Accepted Answer

There is an association between bilingualism and high gesture rate.

Question 12

If a bilingual adult is speaking in their weaker language, what is the expected pattern of gesture use according to the studies?

Accepted Answer

They will use more representational gestures to support communication.

Question 13

Which of the following is a plausible reason for why people gesture when speaking, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Gestures provide indications and help clarify spoken language.

Question 14

A researcher wants to measure the impact of gestures on vocabulary growth in children. Which experimental design would best test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Compare vocabulary growth in children whose parents use representational gestures during play versus those who do not.

Question 15

Which equation could be used to model the relationship between gesture rate ($G$) and vocabulary growth ($V$) in children, based on the findings?

Accepted Answer

$V = kG + c$

Question 16

In the context of bilingual language development, what does 'lexical access' refer to?

Accepted Answer

The process by which bilinguals find words they want to say at a particular time.

Question 17

Which study found that late English learners used more gestures than early learners?

Accepted Answer

Study 3: Adult intermediate L2 speakers.

Question 18

If a child uses a gesture and a word together (e.g., points at a dog and says 'sleeping'), what stage of language development are they demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Gesture-word stage.

Question 19

Which of the following is a general function of gestures in communication?

Accepted Answer

Indications that support and clarify spoken language.

Question 20

Based on the study materials, which cultural factor is significant in the use of gestures?

Accepted Answer

Gesture rate and type can vary significantly depending on cultural background.

Gesture Lecture

Study Guide - Practice Questions