Question 1

Which of the following best describes the 'cohort effect' in developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

It is the impact of growing up in a particular historical period on a group’s development, potentially confounding age-related differences in cross-sectional studies.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study how reasoning ability changes from age 20 to 60. She tests different age groups at the same time. What type of research design is she using?

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional study

Question 3

According to Piaget, which stage is characterized by the development of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a teratogen?

Accepted Answer

Nicotine

Question 5

A child believes that the sun is alive because it 'follows' them. According to Piaget, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Animism

Question 6

Which of the following statements about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

FAS is associated with increased behavioral abnormalities and cognitive problems.

Question 7

According to Erikson, what is the primary psychosocial crisis of adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'assimilation' in Piaget’s theory?

Accepted Answer

A child calls a zebra a 'horse' because it fits their existing schema for horse.

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal studies track changes within individuals, while cross-sectional studies compare different individuals at one time.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the 'continuity model' of development?

Accepted Answer

Development is a smooth, cumulative process without distinct stages.

Question 11

A 7-year-old understands that the amount of water stays the same when poured into a differently shaped glass. According to Piaget, this child has mastered:

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of the formal operational stage?

Accepted Answer

Ability to think abstractly and hypothetically

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of secondary aging?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive decline due to Alzheimer’s disease

Question 14

According to the programmed theory of aging, what determines the lifespan of human cells?

Accepted Answer

The number of times a cell can divide, known as the 'Hayflick limit'

Question 15

Which of the following is a disadvantage of cross-sectional studies?

Accepted Answer

They may confound cohort effects with true age-related differences.

Question 16

A child who cannot see things from another person’s perspective is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

Egocentrism

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the impact of sociocultural context on development?

Accepted Answer

Culture and environment are powerful determinants of development, influencing character traits and behaviors.

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE regarding brain development in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

By age six, the brain reaches about $$\frac{9}{10} of $$its adult weight.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the effects of aging on cognitive processing speed?

Accepted Answer

Mental speed declines with age, but general information processing and memory efficiency remain largely unaffected.

Question 20

Which of the following is a key feature of the 'damage theory' of aging?

Accepted Answer

Aging results from accumulated damage to cells and organs over time.

Human Development: Foundations of Developmental Psychology

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