Question 1

Which sociological theory views crime as a violation of norms, rules, and criminal codes, emphasizing the role of social order and stability?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Question 2

According to conflict theory, what is the primary reason for the existence of crime?

Accepted Answer

Crime is politically constructed to protect the power and position of the wealthy at the expense of the poor.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the interactionist perspective on crime?

Accepted Answer

Crime is socially constructed and its definition changes over time.

Question 4

Statistics Canada reported a decrease in police-reported property crime rate by 13% in 2020. If the property crime rate in 2019 was 6,000 incidents per 100,000 people, what was the rate in 2020?

$$ 	ext{New Rate} = 	ext{Old Rate} 	imes (1 - rac{13}{100}) $$

Accepted Answer

$$ 6,000 	imes 0.87 = 5,220 $$ incidents per 100,000 people

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used method for measuring crime rates?

Accepted Answer

Media coverage

Question 6

A student argues that crime rates are increasing in Canada. Based on the provided materials, how should you respond?

Accepted Answer

Crime rates have been decreasing since the 1980s, with notable drops in property crime.

Question 7

Which explanation of crime focuses on personality traits and individual psychological factors?

Accepted Answer

Psychological explanation

Question 8

In the context of mass incarceration in the United States, which factor is most closely associated with higher incarceration rates among certain ethnic groups?

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic inequality and systemic bias

Question 9

Which of the following is a real-world example of how media can distort public perception of crime?

Accepted Answer

Media coverage often focuses on rare, violent crimes, leading the public to overestimate their frequency.

Question 10

Which scholar is associated with the classical school of criminology and argued for rational punishment proportional to the crime?

Accepted Answer

Cesare Beccaria

Question 11

A community is experiencing a rise in motor vehicle thefts. Which explanation would a sociologist using the context-based approach most likely consider?

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic factors such as poverty and unemployment in the area

Question 12

Which of the following statements best reflects the complexity of defining crime?

Accepted Answer

The definition of crime is complex and varies depending on social, political, and cultural contexts.

Question 13

If a justice system is described as 'fair,' which principle is most likely being emphasized?

Accepted Answer

Equal treatment under the law for all individuals

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of how justice policy can be impacted by media?

Accepted Answer

Media coverage of a high-profile crime leads to public demand for harsher sentencing laws.

Question 15

A researcher wants to study the relationship between race and crime rates. Which type of data would be most appropriate for this analysis?

Accepted Answer

Police-reported crime data broken down by ethnicity

Question 16

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of justice for both victims and offenders?

Accepted Answer

A system that provides support for victims while ensuring fair trials and rehabilitation opportunities for offenders.

Question 17

Which of the following is a multi-step approach to explaining the causes of crime?

Accepted Answer

Considering genetic, psychological, and contextual (social) factors together

Question 18

If the motor vehicle theft rate decreased by 17% from 2023 to 2024, and the rate in 2023 was 1,200 incidents per 100,000 people, what is the rate in 2024?

$$ 	ext{New Rate} = 	ext{Old Rate} 	imes (1 - rac{17}{100}) $$

Accepted Answer

$$ 1,200 	imes 0.83 = 996 $$ incidents per 100,000 people

Question 19

Which of the following is a key insight from the study materials regarding the causation of crime?

Accepted Answer

Causation of crime varies from scholar to scholar and may include genetic, psychological, and contextual factors.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of media in shaping public perceptions of crime?

Accepted Answer

Media can distort the public's view of crime by focusing on sensational cases.

Introduction to Justice Studies: The Criminal Justice System, Crime, and Justice

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