Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of behaviorism in psychology?

Accepted Answer

The observation and control of behavior through conditioning, reinforcement, and punishment

Question 2

According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which component of personality operates on the reality principle?

Accepted Answer

Ego

Question 3

Which stage in Freud’s theory of development is characterized by a focus on pleasure derived from controlling bladder and bowel movements?

Accepted Answer

Anal stage

Question 4

A psychologist is studying how people perceive an 'invisible' triangle formed by the arrangement of shapes. Which school of psychology does this research most closely align with?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a major area of research in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement and punishment

Question 6

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which level must be satisfied before an individual can pursue self-actualization?

Accepted Answer

Physiological

Question 7

A rat presses a lever in a Skinner box and receives food. This scenario best illustrates which psychological concept?

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning

Question 8

Which domain of psychology focuses on how our biology influences behavior, including fields like behavioral neuroscience and sensation?

Accepted Answer

Biological domain

Question 9

Which domain of psychology would most likely study the stages and milestones of development across the lifespan?

Accepted Answer

Developmental domain

Question 10

A psychologist is interested in how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence of others. Which domain does this research belong to?

Accepted Answer

Social and personality psychology

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Five Factor Model of Personality?

Accepted Answer

A model that identifies consistent patterns of thought and behavior

Question 12

Which equation best represents the interaction of factors in health psychology, as shown in the Venn diagram?

Accepted Answer

$$Health = Biological + Psychological + Social$$

Question 13

Industrial-organizational psychology is most likely to be applied in which real-world scenario?

Accepted Answer

Improving employee satisfaction and productivity in a workplace

Question 14

Which of the following is a primary reason for studying psychology, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

To develop critical thinking and communication skills

Question 15

A psychologist is researching how language and memory interact during problem-solving. Which domain does this research most likely fall under?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive domain

Question 16

Which of the following best illustrates the application of forensic psychology?

Accepted Answer

Applying psychological principles to the justice system

Question 17

Which equation best represents the relationship between reinforcement and behavior in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

$$Behavior_{future} = Behavior_{current} + Reinforcement$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible misconception about the cognitive domain?

Accepted Answer

It focuses only on observable behavior and ignores internal mental states

Question 19

A clinical psychologist is most likely to focus on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Diagnosing and treating psychological disorders

Question 20

Which equation best represents the hierarchy of needs as shown in Maslow’s pyramid?

Accepted Answer

$$Needs_{total} = Physiological + Security + Social + Esteem + Self	ext{-}actualization$$

Introduction to Psychology: Foundations, History, and Major Domains

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