Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of behaviorism in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Studying observable behavior and ways to control it

Question 2

According to the scientific method, which of the following is the correct sequence for conducting research?

Accepted Answer

Identify a question $$\rightarrow$$ Formulate an explanation $$\rightarrow$$ Carry out research to support/refute

Question 3

Which psychological perspective is most closely associated with the principle of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Question 4

A researcher claims that all swans are white after observing only white swans. Which logical fallacy is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Overgeneralization

Question 5

Which of the following statements about confirmation bias is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is the tendency to look for information that confirms what we expect

Question 6

Which psychologist is most closely associated with the development of operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

B.F. Skinner

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between basic and applied research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Basic research examines how the mind works, while applied research utilizes findings to solve real-world problems

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates belief perseverance?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring evidence that contradicts your initial belief

Question 9

Which school of thought in psychology was established by Wilhelm Wundt and E.B. Titchener and focused on studying the structure of the mind?

Accepted Answer

Structuralism

Question 10

A therapist uses cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to help a client change their negative thought patterns. Which psychological perspective does this approach most closely align with?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a warning sign of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Claims that can be tested and falsified

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the bandwagon fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Believing something is true because many people believe it

Question 13

Which of the following is a key component of critical thinking in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Evaluating claims open-mindedly and carefully

Question 14

Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious motives and early childhood experiences in shaping behavior?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic

Question 15

A psychologist is interested in how people process information, solve problems, and think about their behavior. Which perspective is she most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Cognitivism

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of applying psychological research to solve a real-world problem?

Accepted Answer

Using research findings to improve workplace productivity

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the terror management theory?

Accepted Answer

It explains how people manage anxiety by manipulating mortality salience

Question 18

Which of the following is a danger of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

It can lead to investing time, energy, and money into questionable treatments

Question 19

Which of the following is a strategy to avoid common logical fallacies in psychological reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Thinking scientifically and separating science from pseudoscience

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of overgeneralization?

Accepted Answer

Assuming all members of a group share the same characteristics based on limited observations

Introduction to Psychology: Foundations, Perspectives, and Scientific Thinking

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