Q: Which equation represents the calculation of the mean for a dataset with $$n$$ values $$x_1$$, $$x_2$$, ..., x_n$$?

$$ \text{Mean} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the biopsychosocial approach in psychology?

Accepted Answer

It integrates biological, psychological, and social factors to understand behavior.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the effect of sleep deprivation on memory. She forms a hypothesis, collects data, analyzes results, and draws conclusions. Which approach is she using?

Accepted Answer

Scientific approach

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a correlational study?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the relationship between hours studied and exam scores.

Question 4

What is the main difference between internal and external validity?

Accepted Answer

Internal validity refers to the extent to which a study measures what it intends to; external validity refers to the generalizability of results.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a frequency distribution?

Accepted Answer

A summary of how often each value occurs in a dataset.

Question 6

A psychologist uses EEG to study brain activity during sleep. What is EEG?

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalogram, which measures electrical activity in the brain.

Question 7

Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of glial cells?

Accepted Answer

Generating action potentials

Question 9

Which equation represents the calculation of the mean for a dataset with $$n$$ values $$x_1$$, $$x_2$$, ..., x_n$$?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Mean} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i}{n} $$

Question 10

A patient has damage to the hippocampus. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Memory formation

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Assuming a student failed an exam because they are lazy, ignoring situational factors.

Question 12

Which method is best for investigating the structure of the brain?

Accepted Answer

MRI

Question 13

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Question 14

Which equation represents the standard deviation for a sample of $$n$$ values $$x_1$$, $$x_2$$, ..., x_n$$ with mean $$\bar{x}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$ s = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} (x_i - \bar{x})^2$}{n-1}} $$

Question 15

Which scenario best demonstrates the self-serving bias?

Accepted Answer

Attributing your success on a test to your intelligence, but blaming failure on bad luck.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key difference between experimental and descriptive research methods?

Accepted Answer

Experimental methods manipulate variables; descriptive methods observe without intervention.

Question 17

Which phenomenon is best explained by groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A group makes a poor decision because members suppress dissenting opinions.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a schema?

Accepted Answer

A mental framework that organizes information and guides behavior.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body

Question 20

A researcher wants to test whether a new teaching method improves exam scores. She randomly assigns students to two groups, applies the method to one group, and compares results. Which type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Experimental study

Introduction to Psychology: Key Concepts and Foundations

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