Q: Which of the following is an example of a phoneme?

The sound $\text{/s/}$ in 'sit'

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'graded membership' in categorization?

Accepted Answer

Some concepts fit better into a category than others, leading to differences in how quickly we verify category membership.

Question 2

A student is asked whether a robin is a bird or whether a robin is an animal. According to the hierarchical model of semantic memory, which statement is verified faster and why?

Accepted Answer

A robin is a bird, because 'bird' is a basic-level category and is accessed more quickly.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic in decision making?

Accepted Answer

Judging that someone who is quiet and likes books is more likely to be a librarian than a salesperson, ignoring base rates.

Question 4

Which of the following best illustrates functional fixedness in problem solving?

Accepted Answer

Failing to use a shoe as a hammer when no hammer is available.

Question 5

In the context of language, what is a morpheme?

Accepted Answer

The smallest meaningful unit in a language.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of the conjunction fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Believing that Linda is more likely to be a bank teller and a feminist than just a bank teller.

Question 7

Which property of language allows humans to communicate about things that are not present?

Accepted Answer

Displacement

Question 8

A person with Broca's aphasia would most likely have difficulty with which aspect of language?

Accepted Answer

Producing fluent speech.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between rule-based and comparison-based categorization?

Accepted Answer

Rule-based categorization uses explicit rules or features, while comparison-based categorization relies on similarity to an average category member.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a heuristic used in problem solving?

Accepted Answer

Guessing the answer to a riddle based on prior experience.

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the influence of culture on categorization?

Accepted Answer

Westerners tend to focus more on objects, while East Asians focus more on background context.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a phoneme?

Accepted Answer

The sound $	ext{/s/}$ in 'sit'

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the availability heuristic?

Accepted Answer

Judging the probability of an event based on how easily examples come to mind.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a multi-step problem-solving process?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down a complex math problem into smaller parts and solving each part sequentially.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of syntax in language?

Accepted Answer

The rules for combining words and morphemes into meaningful phrases and sentences.

Question 16

A person who continues to believe in a claim even after it has been disproven is demonstrating which cognitive bias?

Accepted Answer

Belief perseverance

Lecture 10: Thought & Language – Concepts, Problem Solving, and Language in Psychology

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