Q: A child who is born prematurely at 24 weeks gestation is considered to be at the threshold of viability. Which equation best represents the threshold for viability in weeks?

$$\text{Viability} \leq 25\ \text{weeks}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'bidirectional influences' in developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

A child's development affects how they interact with their environment, and their environment in turn affects their development.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study how cognitive abilities change from childhood to adulthood by following the same group of participants over 20 years. Which research design is she using?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal study

Question 3

During which prenatal stage do organ systems begin to develop, and growth follows both cephalocaudal and proximodistal patterns?

Accepted Answer

Embryonic stage

Question 4

Which of the following is a teratogen that can cause harm to the embryo or fetus during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Thalidomide

Question 5

A child is able to add new information to an existing schema when encountering a similar situation. According to Piaget, this process is called:

Accepted Answer

Assimilation

Question 6

Which Piagetian stage is characterized by the development of object permanence and stranger anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 7

A child struggles to understand that the amount of liquid remains the same when poured into a differently shaped glass. According to Piaget, this child is likely in which stage?

Accepted Answer

Preoperational stage

Question 8

According to Vygotsky, what is the 'zone of proximal development'?

Accepted Answer

The range of tasks a child can perform with assistance

Question 9

In Harlow's monkey experiments, what was the primary factor that determined attachment?

Accepted Answer

The emotional value of touch and comfort

Question 10

A child who clings to their mother and is reluctant to explore their surroundings, even when the mother is present, is most likely displaying which attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Insecure-anxious attachment

Question 11

Which parenting style is characterized by supportive behavior and firm limits?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative

Question 12

A child is able to use systematic logic and reason about abstract concepts. According to Piaget, which stage is this child in?

Accepted Answer

Formal operational

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the 'critical period' in childhood development?

Accepted Answer

A time when certain skills are most readily learned and mastered

Question 14

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of 'cohort effects'?

Accepted Answer

A group of children born during the COVID-19 pandemic show unique social behaviors compared to those born before.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of 'accommodation' according to Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

A child sees a new animal and creates a new schema for it because it doesn't fit any existing schema.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the 'post hoc fallacy' in developmental research?

Accepted Answer

Assuming that anything that happened before caused what happened after, even if it's not true.

Question 17

A child is able to understand that others have their own thoughts and perspectives, even if they differ from their own. This ability is known as:

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'scaffolding' as described by Vygotsky?

Accepted Answer

Parents provide cognitive support and gradually remove it as the child becomes more competent.

Question 19

Which attachment style is characterized by emotional closeness with healthy independence, as observed in Ainsworth's studies?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Question 20

A child who is born prematurely at 24 weeks gestation is considered to be at the threshold of viability. Which equation best represents the threshold for viability in weeks?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Viability} \leq 25\ 	ext{weeks}$$

Lifespan Development: Childhood and Beyond – Study Notes for Introduction to Psychology

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