Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of lifespan development?

Accepted Answer

Examining universal principles of development and individual differences throughout the entire life span.

Question 2

A psychologist is interested in how a child’s memory and problem-solving abilities change as they grow. Which area of lifespan development does this research focus on?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Development

Question 3

According to the scientific method, which of the following is the correct sequence?

Accepted Answer

Theory → Hypothesis → Test/Observation

Question 4

Which perspective in lifespan development emphasizes learning through imitation, as described by the Social-Cognitive Learning theory?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral Perspective

Question 5

A child learns to associate the sound of a bell with receiving food, eventually salivating at the sound alone. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the 'nature vs. nurture' debate?

Accepted Answer

Whether intelligence is determined by inherited genes or shaped by educational experiences.

Question 7

Piaget’s Concrete Operational stage is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Logical thinking and concrete referencing

Question 8

Which theoretical perspective focuses on the unique qualities of human beings and their capacity to make decisions?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic Perspective

Question 9

A researcher is studying how relationships between individuals and their physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds influence development. Which perspective is she using?

Accepted Answer

Contextual Perspective

Question 10

Which age range is correctly matched with its developmental period?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence: ages 12 to 20

Question 11

A psychologist believes that development is a result of inherited traits from ancestors. Which perspective does this align with?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary Perspective

Question 12

Which of the following best describes operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A voluntary response is strengthened or weakened by its association with positive or negative consequences.

Question 13

In Piaget’s Preoperational stage, children primarily develop:

Accepted Answer

Language, memory, and intuitive intelligence through make-believe play

Question 14

Which approach seeks to identify the ways individuals take in, use, and store information?

Accepted Answer

Information processing approaches

Question 15

A psychologist is interested in how brain processes relate to cognitive development. Which approach is most relevant?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive neuroscience approaches

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the 'continuity vs. discontinuity' issue in lifespan development?

Accepted Answer

Debating whether development is gradual and cumulative or occurs in distinct stages.

Question 17

Which perspective would most likely emphasize the importance of early childhood experiences in shaping adult personality?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic Perspective

Question 18

If a researcher wants to test whether a new teaching method improves memory, which part of the scientific method is she using when she predicts that students taught with the new method will score higher on memory tests?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning pairs a neutral stimulus with a response, while operant conditioning strengthens or weakens voluntary responses based on consequences.

Question 20

A child observes their older sibling tying their shoes and then attempts to do the same. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Social-Cognitive Learning

Lifespan Development: Foundations and Perspectives

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