Question 1

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following best describes the difference between basic needs and growth needs?

Accepted Answer

Basic needs are deficiency motives activated by a lack of something, while growth needs are positive forces for personal development.

Question 2

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

An employee works overtime to receive a bonus at the end of the month.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a stimulus motive?

Accepted Answer

The drive to explore a new city out of curiosity.

Question 4

A person who is motivated to run for political office primarily to gain status and approval is demonstrating which type of motive?

Accepted Answer

Learned motive

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the Yerkes-Dodson law?

Accepted Answer

Performance is highest at moderate levels of arousal, especially for complex tasks.

Question 6

A person who feels hungry even after eating a large meal is most likely responding to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

An external incentive such as the presence of a favorite dessert

Question 7

Which brain structure is primarily responsible for initiating eating behavior when activated?

Accepted Answer

Lateral hypothalamus

Question 8

Which hormone is released by fat cells and signals the hypothalamus to reduce food intake when body fat levels are high?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 9

A person who repeatedly loses and regains weight through 'yo-yo dieting' is at risk for which of the following outcomes?

Accepted Answer

An increase in their set point for fat, making it harder to lose weight in the future

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of opponent-process theory in motivation and emotion?

Accepted Answer

A person feels relief after pain ends, and with repetition, the relief becomes stronger while the pain becomes weaker.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for effective emotion regulation?

Accepted Answer

Suppression of all emotional expression at all times

Question 12

According to the Schachter and Singer two-factor theory of emotion, which two components are necessary for the experience of emotion?

Accepted Answer

Physiological arousal and cognitive labeling of the arousal

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between emotion and mood?

Accepted Answer

Emotions are brief and have a specific cause, while moods are longer-lasting and more general.

Question 14

A person who attributes their success on an exam to their own ability, and their failure to insufficient effort, is most likely high in which learned motive?

Accepted Answer

Need for achievement

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the physiological responses to emotion is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system activates the body for 'fight or flight' during strong emotions.

Question 16

Which of the following is a limitation of polygraph (lie detector) tests?

Accepted Answer

They measure general emotional arousal, which can be caused by anxiety or fear, not just lying.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy?

Accepted Answer

Changing your interpretation of a negative event to see it as a learning opportunity

Question 18

According to basic emotion theories (BETs), which of the following is TRUE about basic emotions?

Accepted Answer

They are brief states that arise after cognitive appraisals and involve distinct expressions and physiology.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between optimism and explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

Optimists view negative events as limited, short-term, and due to changeable circumstances.

Question 20

A person who is high in sensation seeking is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Seek out high levels of stimulation and engage in risk-taking behaviors.

Motivation and Emotion: Foundations, Theories, and Applications

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