Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of structuralism in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Studying the structure and characteristics of the mind through introspection and systematic observation.

Question 2

Which psychologist is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory and is associated with the development of structuralism?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 3

A researcher claims, 'All swans are black.' According to the scientific method, why is this statement problematic as a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

It is not falsifiable because it cannot be proven wrong by observation.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A researcher only seeks out evidence that supports their hypothesis and ignores contradictory data.

Question 5

Which school of thought in psychology focuses on observable behavior and the ways it can be controlled?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Question 6

A therapist uses reinforcement and punishment to help a client change their behavior. Which psychological perspective is this approach most closely aligned with?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the scientific method is correct?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis must be testable and falsifiable.

Question 8

Which logical fallacy is committed when someone argues, 'Everyone believes this treatment works, so it must be effective'?

Accepted Answer

Bandwagon fallacy

Question 9

A person continues to believe in the effectiveness of a pseudoscientific therapy despite multiple scientific studies disproving its claims. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Belief perseverance

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of patternicity?

Accepted Answer

Detecting meaningful patterns in random stimuli, such as seeing shapes in clouds.

Question 11

According to error management theory, why do humans tend to seek worldviews that provide meaning and continuity?

Accepted Answer

To manage anxiety about the inevitability and unpredictability of death.

Question 12

Which of the following is a warning sign of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Use of psychobabble and lack of self-correction.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the main difference between basic and applied research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Basic research examines how the mind works, while applied research uses findings to solve real-world problems.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a falsifiable hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

If a person listens to classical music for 30 minutes, their memory test scores will improve.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the focus of functionalism in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Examining the purpose of cognitive processes and how behavior functions to help individuals adapt.

Question 16

A psychologist is interested in how people interpret and mentally process information about the world. Which school of thought does this best represent?

Accepted Answer

Cognitivism

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a danger of pseudoscience as discussed in the course materials?

Accepted Answer

It always results in direct physical harm to individuals.

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emotional reasoning fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Believing a claim is true because it makes you feel good, rather than because of supporting evidence.

Question 19

Which of the following is a key characteristic of scientific theories?

Accepted Answer

They explain a large number of findings in the natural world.

Question 20

A student claims, 'I don't have any biases; only other people do.' This is an example of which logical fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Trust me fallacy

PSYC 1010: Introduction to Psychology – Syllabus, Foundations, and Major Perspectives

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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