Q: According to the stress transaction model, which equation best represents the process of stress appraisal?

$$ \text{Stress} = \text{Appraisal of threat} - \text{Appraisal of coping resources} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of the cohort effect in human development?

Accepted Answer

A group of children born in the same year experience similar educational reforms, which influences their academic achievement.

Question 2

According to Piaget, which cognitive stage is characterized by the ability to think logically about abstract concepts and hypothetical situations?

Accepted Answer

Formal Operational

Question 3

A researcher finds that children who are exposed to high levels of stress in early childhood are more likely to develop anxiety disorders as adults. Which concept does this finding best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Gene-environment interaction

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of the 'foot-in-the-door' persuasion technique?

Accepted Answer

Asking someone to sign a petition before later asking for a donation.

Question 5

A person who believes that all members of an unfamiliar group are 'all the same' is demonstrating which psychological concept?

Accepted Answer

Out-group homogeneity

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) as proposed by Hans Selye?

Accepted Answer

A three-stage process of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion in response to stress.

Question 7

A student is feeling overwhelmed by an upcoming exam. She copes by making a detailed study schedule and seeking help from her professor. Which type of coping is she using?

Accepted Answer

Problem-focused coping

Question 8

Which of the following is a common misconception about the bystander effect?

Accepted Answer

People are less likely to help when others are present because they assume someone else will act.

Question 9

According to the stress transaction model, which equation best represents the process of stress appraisal?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Stress} = 	ext{Appraisal of threat} - 	ext{Appraisal of coping resources} $$

Question 10

A child who understands that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight has developed which cognitive skill?

Accepted Answer

Object permanence

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is an attitude; discrimination is a behavior.

Question 12

A person who smokes despite knowing the health risks may experience discomfort due to holding conflicting beliefs and behaviors. This discomfort is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a teratogen and its potential effect during prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol; can cause Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Question 14

A psychologist is studying the effects of testosterone on aggression in males. Which type of influence is being examined?

Accepted Answer

Biological

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the 'door-in-the-face' persuasion technique?

Accepted Answer

Making a large request that is refused, followed by a smaller request.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key finding from research on social loafing?

Accepted Answer

People tend to exert less effort when working in groups compared to working alone.

Question 17

A person who attributes another's rude behavior to their personality, rather than considering situational factors, is demonstrating which cognitive bias?

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between stress and health, according to psychoneuroimmunology?

Accepted Answer

Chronic stress can suppress immune function, increasing susceptibility to illness.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy in the context of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A teacher expects certain students to perform poorly, and as a result, those students receive less attention and do perform poorly.

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of temperament in infants?

Accepted Answer

An infant who is consistently calm, adaptable, and slow to warm up to new situations.

PSYC 105 Study Guide: Human Development, Stress, Social Psychology

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