Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of a hypothesis in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

To offer a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured.

Question 2

A psychologist is testing whether sleep deprivation affects memory recall. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The amount of sleep participants receive.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a confounding variable in a study examining the effect of caffeine on reaction time?

Accepted Answer

Participants' prior sleep quality.

Question 4

A researcher finds a correlation coefficient of $r = +0.85$ between hours studied and exam scores. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

There is a strong positive relationship between hours studied and exam scores.

Question 5

Which brain structure is most accurately described as the crucial relay center that directs sensory information to the correct parts of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 6

In an experiment, participants are randomly assigned to either receive a new drug or a placebo. What is the main purpose of random assignment?

Accepted Answer

To minimize bias and ensure groups are equivalent at the start of the experiment.

Question 7

Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with movement and reward, and is implicated in Parkinson’s disease when deficient?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 8

A psychologist wants to study the effect of stress on immune function. She measures participants’ stress levels and their number of colds over a year. What type of research design is this?

Accepted Answer

Correlational

Question 9

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of operational definition?

Accepted Answer

Measuring intelligence by the score on a standardized IQ test.

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of a double-blind study?

Accepted Answer

Neither the participants nor the experimenters know which treatment is being administered.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Activates the fight-or-flight response during stress.

Question 12

A psychologist is interested in how genes and environment interact to influence intelligence. Which field of psychology does this research best represent?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral genetics

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable in a study examining the effect of exercise on mood?

Accepted Answer

The mood rating reported by participants after exercise.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of replication in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

Repeating a study and finding a similar outcome each time.

Question 15

Which of the following is a key limitation of case study research?

Accepted Answer

It may not generalize to the wider population.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

They are chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of bottom-up processing?

Accepted Answer

Perceiving a song by combining individual notes and sounds.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'zeitgeist' in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A general set of beliefs of a particular culture at a specific time in history.

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary function of the hippocampus?

Accepted Answer

Forming new memories.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of random assignment in experimental research?

Accepted Answer

Dividing samples into two or more groups in which participants are equally likely to be placed in any condition of the experiment.

Psychology I – Complete Master Review: Scientific Method, Biological Psychology, Sensation & Perception, and More

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