Question 1

Which of the following best distinguishes clinical psychology from counselling psychology?

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology focuses on diagnosing and treating mental illnesses, while counselling psychology helps individuals manage everyday challenges and life stressors.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the effect of sleep deprivation on test performance. In this experiment, what is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The amount of sleep participants receive

Question 3

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of stimulus discrimination in classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A dog salivates only to the sound of a specific bell, but not to other similar sounds.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the main criticism of structuralism?

Accepted Answer

Its reliance on introspection made results difficult to evaluate or generalize.

Question 5

A psychologist is interested in how people organize visual information into meaningful wholes. Which school of thought does this approach reflect?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of the availability heuristic?

Accepted Answer

Believing plane crashes are more common than they are because of recent news coverage.

Question 7

Which of the following best defines the 'g' factor in intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A general intelligence factor underlying all cognitive abilities.

Question 8

In an experiment, what is the primary purpose of the control group?

Accepted Answer

To serve as a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of misinformation?

Accepted Answer

A news outlet accidentally reports the wrong date for an event.

Question 10

Which scenario best illustrates operant conditioning as described by B.F. Skinner?

Accepted Answer

A student receives praise for completing homework, increasing the likelihood they will do it again.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one’s preconceptions.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of anchoring heuristic?

Accepted Answer

Estimating the price of a car based on the first price you hear, even if it’s arbitrary.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the main question of functionalism?

Accepted Answer

How or why does a person do (X)?

Question 14

Which of the following is a limitation of psychoanalytic theory?

Accepted Answer

It lacks empirical evidence and is difficult to test scientifically.

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of extinction in classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A dog stops salivating to a bell after the bell is repeatedly presented without food.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a prototype in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

A robin is considered a typical example of the category 'bird'.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the Flynn effect?

Accepted Answer

The observed rise in average IQ scores over generations.

Question 18

Which of the following is an operational definition?

Accepted Answer

Defining 'anxiety' as a score above 40 on the Beck Anxiety Inventory.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main methodology of behaviourism?

Accepted Answer

Focusing on observable behaviour and using the scientific method.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of representative heuristic?

Accepted Answer

Assuming someone who wears glasses and reads a lot is more likely to be a librarian than a farmer.

Step-by-Step Study Guidance for Introduction to Psychology Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards