Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the 'control' goal of psychology in a real-world context?

Accepted Answer

A therapist develops a behavioral intervention to help a client reduce panic attacks.

Question 2

Which of the following is a warning sign of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Reliance on anecdotal evidence rather than systematic data.

Question 3

A psychologist wants to test the hypothesis: 'If caffeine intake increases, then reaction time will decrease.' In this experiment, what is the independent variable (IV)?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine intake

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of dendrites in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Receive signals from other neurons

Question 5

A researcher finds a correlation coefficient of $$r = -0.85$$ between hours spent watching TV and exam scores. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

A strong negative relationship: more TV leads to lower scores.

Question 6

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, what was the conditioned stimulus (CS)?

Accepted Answer

The bell after being paired with food

Question 7

A child is given extra playtime for finishing homework. According to operant conditioning, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'generalization' in classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A dog salivates to both a bell and a chime after conditioning with a bell.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of 'blocking' as one of the seven sins of memory?

Accepted Answer

You cannot recall the name of a familiar actor during a conversation, even though you know it.

Question 10

Which scenario best demonstrates the difference between explicit and implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

Recalling the capital of France (explicit) and riding a bicycle (implicit)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of natural selection as used in evolutionary psychology?

Accepted Answer

Traits that enhance survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed on to future generations.

Question 12

A researcher uses random sampling to select participants for a study. What is the main advantage of this method?

Accepted Answer

It ensures that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of positive punishment?

Accepted Answer

Giving a child extra chores for misbehaving.

Question 14

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'misattribution' in memory?

Accepted Answer

Believing you heard a story from a friend when it was actually from a movie.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between a case study and experimental research?

Accepted Answer

Case studies provide in-depth analysis of individuals or groups, while experimental research tests cause and effect by manipulating variables.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A loud alarm stops when a person fastens their seatbelt.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the action potential in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A rapid, all-or-nothing electrical impulse that travels down the axon.

Question 18

A therapist helps a client understand how unconscious motives from childhood affect their current behavior. This approach is most consistent with which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of 'suggestibility' as a sin of memory?

Accepted Answer

You remember details of an event that were suggested by someone else, even though they did not happen.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between reinforcement and punishment in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement increases behavior, while punishment decreases behavior.

Step-by-Step Study Guidance for Introduction to Psychology Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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