Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a 'prototype' in semantic memory?

Accepted Answer

A person thinks of a golden retriever when asked to imagine a dog.

Question 2

According to the rule-based model of categorization, which of the following is a basic-level category?

Accepted Answer

Dog

Question 3

Which scenario best demonstrates the conjunction fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Assuming that Linda is a bank teller and active in the feminist movement is more likely than Linda being just a bank teller.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of availability heuristic?

Accepted Answer

Believing that airplane crashes are common after seeing them on the news.

Question 5

A person only reads news articles that support their political beliefs and ignores those that contradict them. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Confirmation bias

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between Broca's area and Wernicke's area?

Accepted Answer

Broca's area is located near the motor cortex and is involved in speech production; Wernicke's area is adjacent to the primary auditory cortex and is involved in language comprehension.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a morpheme?

Accepted Answer

The suffix '-ed' in 'walked'

Question 8

Aphasia is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A language disorder that affects communication.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about semantic memory is correct?

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory involves general knowledge and concepts.

Question 10

In sentence verification tasks, why might 'A robin is a bird' be verified faster than 'A robin is an animal'?

Accepted Answer

Because 'bird' is a more specific category and closer in the semantic network to 'robin'.

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the influence of culture on categorization?

Accepted Answer

People in India consider cows to be 'normal' animals, while people in the US may not.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of pragmatic language use?

Accepted Answer

Saying 'My roommate is a giraffe' to mean 'My roommate is very tall.'

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between basic-level and subordinate-level categories?

Accepted Answer

Subordinate-level categories are more specific than basic-level categories.

Question 14

Which problem-solving strategy involves generating general plans and subgoals to achieve long-term goals?

Accepted Answer

Means-end analysis

Question 15

A student repeatedly tries to solve a math problem using a method that worked in the past, even though it doesn't work now. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Mental set

Question 16

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'rule-based' categorization?

Accepted Answer

Grouping all animals with four legs as 'mammals'.

Question 17

Which of the following is a property of language according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Language can communicate about things present and produce new meanings.

Question 18

If a person has difficulty combining words and morphemes into meaningful phrases and sentences, which aspect of language are they struggling with?

Accepted Answer

Syntax

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of phonemes in language?

Accepted Answer

Phonemes are the basic units of speech sounds.

Question 20

A person estimates the likelihood of a shark attack after seeing several news reports about shark attacks. Which cognitive bias does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Availability heuristic

Study Notes: Thought & Language (Psychology)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards