Question 1

Which of the following best describes the empirical approach in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Using observation and experimentation to gather evidence and draw conclusions.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic attitudes that support scientific inquiry in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Dogmatism

Question 3

A psychologist is evaluating a new therapy technique. She asks, 'What do you mean? How do you know?' Which scientific attitude is she demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Skepticism

Question 4

Which early school of thought in psychology used introspection to explore the structure of the mind?

Accepted Answer

Structuralism

Question 5

William James is most closely associated with which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Question 6

Which psychologist is known for championing the scientific study of observable behavior and demonstrating that fear can be learned?

Accepted Answer

John B. Watson

Question 7

The nature–nurture issue in psychology refers to the debate about:

Accepted Answer

Whether traits are present at birth or developed through experience.

Question 8

Which approach integrates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis to explain behavior?

Accepted Answer

Biopsychosocial approach

Question 9

A psychologist who studies how inherited traits influence behavior is most likely working in which subfield?

Accepted Answer

Behavior genetics

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of humility in scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

Being willing to reject your own ideas if they are disproven by evidence.

Question 11

Which of the following is a key focus of positive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Human flourishing and the scientific study of happiness

Question 12

Which psychologist was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology and wrote 'The Animal Mind'?

Accepted Answer

Margaret Floy Washburn

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the main difference between basic research and applied research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Basic research seeks to expand knowledge, while applied research aims to solve practical problems.

Question 14

A psychologist is interested in how people from different cultures express emotions. This research is most closely related to which area?

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural psychology

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the focus of cognitive neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

The interdisciplinary study of brain activity linked with cognition

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of applying critical thinking in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Evaluating evidence and considering alternative explanations before drawing conclusions.

Question 17

Which psychologist emphasized the importance of love, acceptance, and an environment that nurtures personal growth?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers

Question 18

A clinical psychologist is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Conduct therapy and treat people with psychological disorders.

Question 19

Which of the following best illustrates the principle of natural selection as described by Darwin?

Accepted Answer

Inherited traits that enhance survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed on to future generations.

Question 20

A psychologist who helps students cope with academic and life challenges is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Counseling psychologist

The Story of Psychology: Foundations and Development

Study Guide - Practice Questions