Q: A hospital uses a program to determine if a patient is eligible for a flu vaccine. The patient must be at least 65 years old or have a chronic illness. Which Python statement correctly implements this logic?

$$\text{if age \geq 65 \text{ or } hasChronicIllness:}$$

Q: A university bookstore offers an 8% discount on computer accessories if the price is less than $$128, and a 10% discount if the price is at least 128. $$Which code correctly calculates the discounted price?

$$\text{if price \u003c 128:}$$\newline\text{\ \ discounted = price * 0.92}\newline\text{else:}\newline\text{\ \ discounted = price * 0.90}$

Q: A program needs to find the largest of three numbers entered by the user. Which code correctly implements this logic?

$$\text{maximum = firstNumber}$$\newline\text{if secondNumber \u003e maximum:}$$\newline\text{\ \ maximum = secondNumber}$$\newline\text{if thirdNumber \u003e maximum:}$$\newline\text{\ \ maximum = thirdNumber}$$

Q: A program is designed to print 'Damage to poorly constructed buildings' if an earthquake’s Richter scale measurement is at least 4.5 but less than 6.0. Which condition should be used?

$$\text{if 4.5 \leq richter \u003c 6.0:}$$

Q: Which of the following is a correct way to validate that a grade entered by a user is between 0 and 100 (inclusive)?

$$\text{if 0 \leq grade \leq 100:}$$

Q: A city’s emergency system uses the following logic: If the temperature is below 0°C, issue a 'Freeze Warning'. If it is between 0°C and 35°C (inclusive), issue 'Normal Conditions'. If it is above 35°C, issue a 'Heat Warning'. Which Python structure best implements this?

$$\text{if temp 35:}$$\newline\text{\ \ print('Heat Warning')}$$\newline\text{else:}$$\newline\text{\ \ print('Normal Conditions')}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a decision structure in Python programming?

Accepted Answer

A structure that allows the program to choose between different courses of action based on whether a condition is true or false.

Question 2

A hospital uses a program to determine if a patient is eligible for a flu vaccine. The patient must be at least 65 years old or have a chronic illness. Which Python statement correctly implements this logic?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if age \geq 65 	ext{ or } hasChronicIllness:}$$

Question 3

A university bookstore offers an 8% discount on computer accessories if the price is less than $$128, and a 10% discount if the price is at least 128. $$Which code correctly calculates the discounted price?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if price \u003c 128:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ discounted = price * 0.92}
ewline	ext{else:}
ewline	ext{\ \ discounted = price * 0.90}$

Question 4

Which of the following is a good programming practice when writing if-else statements?

Accepted Answer

Place code that is the same in both branches outside the if-else statement.

Question 5

A hotel charges $$100 per night, but platinum members pay 90 $$per night. If a platinum member stays 5 or more nights, they get one night free. What is the total cost for a platinum member staying 6 nights?

Accepted Answer

$$(6 - 1) 	imes 90 = 450$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about assignment and equality testing in Python is correct?

Accepted Answer

Assignment uses $$=$$ and equality testing uses $$==.$$

Question 7

A program needs to find the largest of three numbers entered by the user. Which code correctly implements this logic?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{maximum = firstNumber}$$
ewline	ext{if secondNumber \u003e maximum:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ maximum = secondNumber}$$
ewline	ext{if thirdNumber \u003e maximum:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ maximum = thirdNumber}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct way to check if a user’s input is a valid integer using the isdigit() method?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if input.isdigit():}$$

Question 9

A program is designed to print 'Damage to poorly constructed buildings' if an earthquake’s Richter scale measurement is at least 4.5 but less than 6.0. Which condition should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if 4.5 \leq richter \u003c 6.0:}$$

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct way to validate that a grade entered by a user is between 0 and 100 (inclusive)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if 0 \leq grade \leq 100:}$$

Question 11

A city’s emergency system uses the following logic: If the temperature is below 0°C, issue a 'Freeze Warning'. If it is between 0°C and 35°C (inclusive), issue 'Normal Conditions'. If it is above 35°C, issue a 'Heat Warning'. Which Python structure best implements this?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if temp  35:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ print('Heat Warning')}$$
ewline	ext{else:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ print('Normal Conditions')}$

Question 12

Which of the following is true about nested if-else statements?

Accepted Answer

They allow for more complex decision making by placing if or else statements inside other if or else blocks.

Question 13

A program is designed to print 'Actual floor: X' where X is the floor number entered by the user, except if the floor is greater than 13, in which case it prints 'Actual floor: X-1'. Which of the following code snippets is the most efficient and avoids code duplication?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if floor \u003e 13:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ actualFloor = floor - 1}$$
ewline	ext{else:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ actualFloor = floor}$$
ewline	ext{print('Actual floor:', actualFloor)}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct way to check if a floating-point number $$a is $$equal to $$b$$, considering possible roundoff errors?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if abs(a - b) \u003c 1e-9:}$$

Question 15

A baggage sorting system at an airport uses a decision structure to route luggage. If the tag is 'Priority', it goes to belt 1; if 'Standard', to belt 2; otherwise, to belt 3. Which Python structure best implements this?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if tag == 'Priority':}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ belt = 1}$$
ewline	ext{elif tag == 'Standard':}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ belt = 2}$$
ewline	ext{else:}$$
ewline	ext{\ \ belt = 3}$

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct way to write an if statement that checks if a boolean expression is false?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{if not boolExp:}$$

Decision Structures and Conditional Statements in Python

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