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Introductory Statistics: Probability Concepts

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Terms in this set (11)

  • What is a priori probability?
    A priori probability is based on prior knowledge of the process involved, not on observed data.
  • Example of a priori probability with a deck of cards
    The probability of selecting a black card is \(\frac{26}{52}\) = 0.50, since there are 26 black cards out of 52 total.
  • What is empirical probability?
    Empirical probability is based on observed data or experiments, not on prior knowledge.
  • How are empirical probabilities often generated?
    Empirical probabilities are often generated using surveys or observed data.
  • What is subjective probability?
    Subjective probability varies from person to person based on personal judgment or opinion.
  • Example of subjective probability
    A development team may assign a 0.60 chance of success to a product, while the company president may assign 0.30.
  • Define a simple event
    A simple event is described by a single characteristic, such as selecting a day in January from all days in 2014.
  • Define a joint event
    A joint event has two or more characteristics, e.g., a day in January that is also a Wednesday.
  • What is the complement of an event A?
    The complement of event A includes all outcomes that are not part of A.
  • Example of a complement event
    All days from 2014 that are not in January form the complement of the event 'day in January.'
  • What is a sample space?
    The sample space is the collection of all possible outcomes or events.