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Types of Data - Introductory Statistics

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the two main categories of data?

    Qualitative (categorical) and quantitative (numerical) data.

  • Define qualitative data.

    Data that describes categories or qualities, such as colors or labels, without numerical meaning.

  • Define quantitative data.

    Data that represents numerical values and can be measured or counted.

  • What are the two types of qualitative data?

    Nominal and ordinal data.

  • Describe nominal data.

    Qualitative data with categories that have no natural order, e.g., gender or blood type.

  • Describe ordinal data.

    Qualitative data with categories that have a meaningful order but no fixed interval, e.g., rankings or satisfaction levels.

  • What are the two types of quantitative data?

    Discrete and continuous data.

  • Define discrete data.

    Quantitative data that can take only specific values, often counts, e.g., number of students.

  • Define continuous data.

    Quantitative data that can take any value within a range, e.g., height or temperature.

  • Give an example of nominal data.

    Examples include eye color, types of fruit, or car brands.

  • Give an example of ordinal data.

    Examples include class rankings, satisfaction ratings, or levels of education.

  • Give an example of discrete data.

    Examples include number of pets, number of cars, or number of phone calls.

  • Give an example of continuous data.

    Examples include weight, time, or temperature measurements.

  • Why is it important to distinguish between types of data?

    Because the type of data determines the appropriate statistical methods and visualizations to use.

  • What type of data is a Likert scale (e.g., strongly agree to strongly disagree)?

    Ordinal qualitative data, since it has a meaningful order but intervals are not equal.

  • Is the number of goals scored in a game discrete or continuous data?

    Discrete data, because goals are counted in whole numbers.

  • Is temperature measured in degrees discrete or continuous data?

    Continuous data, because temperature can take any value within a range.

  • What type of data is blood type (A, B, AB, O)?

    Nominal qualitative data, as categories have no order.

  • What type of data is a person's age measured in years?

    Quantitative discrete if age is counted in whole years; continuous if measured precisely.

  • How can data types affect data visualization choices?

    Qualitative data often use bar charts or pie charts; quantitative data use histograms or scatterplots.