$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy focuses on the structure of body parts, while physiology focuses on how those parts work.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that damages the epidermis and the entire dermis, but not underlying tissues. Which type of burn is this?

Accepted Answer

Third-degree burn

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct description of a negative feedback system?

Accepted Answer

A process that reverses the direction of the original stimulus to maintain homeostasis.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It stores and releases calcium ions necessary for muscle contraction.

Question 5

A person is unable to distinguish between sweet and salty tastes. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve VII (Facial)

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order of layers in the epidermis from deepest to most superficial?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of pH?

Accepted Answer

$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$

Question 8

A patient has a fracture in the shaft of the femur. Which term best describes the location of this fracture?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates muscle contraction by binding to receptors on the muscle cell membrane.

Question 10

Which of the following is a polysaccharide important for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 11

A patient is experiencing muscle tetany due to low calcium levels. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between isotonic and isometric muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic contractions change muscle length, while isometric contractions do not.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the generation of an action potential in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization

Question 14

Which of the following structures divides the external ear from the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

Tympanic membrane

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature and hunger

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the atomic mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It provides a rapid source of phosphate to regenerate ATP during short bursts of activity.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the meninges?

Accepted Answer

They protect the brain and spinal cord by providing a physical barrier.

Question 20

A patient has difficulty maintaining balance and equilibrium. Which part of the inner ear is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Semicircular canals

Anatomy & Physiology I: Comprehensive Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions