Question 1

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for the final maturation and storage of sperm before ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Question 2

During spermatogenesis, which cell type is the first to undergo meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

Primary spermatocyte

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in the female reproductive cycle?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 4

A patient presents with infertility due to low testosterone levels. Which cells are most likely under-functioning?

Accepted Answer

Leydig cells

Question 5

Which layer of the uterus is shed during menstruation?

Accepted Answer

Stratum functionalis of the endometrium

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

Accepted Answer

Contains enzymes to penetrate the oocyte

Question 7

Which structure produces the majority of the fluid in semen and what is its main contribution?

Accepted Answer

Seminal vesicle; fructose-rich fluid

Question 8

A mutation in the SRY gene would most likely result in which developmental outcome?

Accepted Answer

Development of female characteristics in XY embryos

Question 9

Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by the thickening of the endometrial lining in response to estrogen?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative phase

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the testes are located in the scrotum outside the body cavity?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a temperature lower than core body temperature for optimal spermatogenesis

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct sequence for sperm transport from the site of production to the urethra?

Accepted Answer

Seminiferous tubules → epididymis → ductus deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra

Question 12

Which hormone is produced by Sertoli cells and acts to inhibit FSH secretion?

Accepted Answer

Inhibin

Question 13

A woman is diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy. Where is the most common site for this to occur?

Accepted Answer

Uterine tube (fallopian tube)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

Produces progesterone to maintain the endometrium

Question 15

Which event occurs during Anaphase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Tetrads separate into dyads

Question 16

Which structure in the female reproductive system is homologous to the male glans penis?

Accepted Answer

Clitoris

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the corpus spongiosum does not become as rigid as the corpora cavernosa during erection?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds the urethra and prevents its compression

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland?

Accepted Answer

Cleanses urine from the urethra and lubricates the tip of the penis

Question 19

Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 20

A patient has a mutation that prevents the formation of the zona pellucida. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Acrosome reaction during fertilization

Anatomy & Physiology II: The Reproductive System (Chapter 27) Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions