Anatomy & Physiology IV (BIOS256) Pacing Guide and Weekly Study Structure

Course Overview

This pacing guide outlines the structure and expectations for Anatomy & Physiology IV (BIOS256), an accelerated course designed to provide foundational knowledge in anatomy and physiology for students preparing for a BSN program. The course covers 16 weeks of content in 8 weeks, emphasizing time management and consistent study habits for success.

Weekly Structure and Major Topics

Week 1: Digestive System – Structure and Function

• Structures and Functions of the Digestive System: Introduction to the organs and their roles in digestion.

• Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, and Stomach: Examination of the upper digestive tract and its functions.

• Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of Accessory Digestive Organs: Study of organs such as the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.

Week 2: Digestive Physiology and Regulation

• Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of the Intestines: Structure and function of the small and large intestines.

• Physiology of Digestion and Absorption: Mechanisms of nutrient breakdown and uptake.

• Hormonal and Neural Regulation of Digestive Processes: Control of digestive activity by hormones and the nervous system.

• Application of Digestive Homeostasis: Clinical relevance and maintenance of digestive balance.

Week 3: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance

• Introduction to Nutrients and Metabolism: Overview of essential nutrients and metabolic pathways.

• Cellular Respiration and Metabolism of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins: Biochemical processes for energy production.

• Energy Balance and Thermoregulation: Regulation of body temperature and energy expenditure.

• Application of Metabolic Homeostasis: Clinical implications of metabolic regulation.

Week 4: Urinary System and Homeostasis

• Anatomy of the Urinary System: Structure and function of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

• Overview of Nephron Physiology: Functional unit of the kidney and its role in filtration.

• Urine Composition and Concentration: Mechanisms of urine formation and concentration.

• Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure: Role of hormones such as ADH and aldosterone.

• Application of Urinary Homeostasis: Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance.

Week 5: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

• Body Fluid Compartments: Distribution and composition of body fluids.

• Hormonal Regulation of Body Osmolarity: Mechanisms controlling water and solute balance.

• Homeostasis of Electrolytes: Regulation of sodium, potassium, calcium, and other ions.

• Acid-Base Balancing: Mechanisms maintaining blood pH.

Week 6: Reproductive System

• Overview of the Human Reproductive System: General structure and function.

• Overview of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems: Anatomy and physiology of both systems.

• Formation of Gametes: Processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

Week 7: Human Development and Genetics

• Fertilization Through Delivery: Stages of human development from conception to birth.

• Gene Expression and Inheritance: Basic principles of genetics and heredity.

• Genetic Variability: Sources and significance of genetic diversity.

Week 8: Course Reflection and Final Assessment

• Discussion and Reflection: Students reflect on their learning and course experience.

• Comprehensive Exam: Covers all major topics from Weeks 1–7.

Course Success Strategies

• Time Management: Use provided tools and weekly checklists to stay on track.

• Active Participation: Attend live sessions, participate in discussions, and complete all assignments.

• Utilize Resources: Access video resources, workshops, and instructor office hours for additional support.

• Assessment Preparation: Attend exam review sessions and complete practice questions and labs for reinforcement.

Additional Information

• Students must achieve at least 76% in both lecture and lab components to pass the course.

• Comprehensive exam covers content from BIOS251, 252, 255, and 256.

• Remediation and review sessions are scheduled after major exams to support mastery of material.