Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies their function.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that affects the epidermis and the entire dermis. Which layer of the skin is most likely exposed?

Accepted Answer

Hypodermis

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for life and survival in humans?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 4

A histology slide shows a tissue with multiple layers of flat cells. Which type of epithelial tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 5

Which connective tissue cell type is primarily responsible for producing collagen fibers?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblast

Question 6

A patient has a deficiency in parathyroid hormone (PTH). What effect would this most likely have on blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Blood calcium levels would decrease.

Question 7

Which anatomical term describes a structure that is closer to the head than another structure?

Accepted Answer

Cranial

Question 8

During muscle contraction, which molecule binds to troponin to initiate the exposure of myosin-binding sites on actin?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

They reduce friction between organs by secreting a watery fluid.

Question 10

A mutation affects the process of mitosis in a cell. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

The cell will be unable to divide properly.

Question 11

Which bone shape is the vertebra classified as?

Accepted Answer

Irregular bone

Question 12

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for cell division and regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 13

A patient is unable to flex their elbow. Which type of synovial joint is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Hinge

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Storage of calcium

Question 15

Which muscle tissue type is under voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 16

If a patient has a mutation in the gene coding for collagen, which tissue type would most likely be affected?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of DNA to protein?

Accepted Answer

$$DNA \rightarrow RNA \rightarrow Protein$$

Question 18

A patient with osteoporosis has decreased bone density. Which bone cell type is most likely overactive?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 19

Which anatomical direction term describes a structure that is farther from the point of attachment to the trunk?

Accepted Answer

Distal

Question 20

During muscle contraction, which equation best represents the role of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP + Myosin \rightarrow Myosin-ATP \rightarrow Myosin + ADP + P_i$$

Anatomy & Physiology Midterm Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions