Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main structural difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelia have a single layer of cells, while stratified epithelia have multiple layers.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that affects the entire epidermis and part of the dermis, resulting in blisters and severe pain. According to the rule of nines, what percentage of the body surface area would be affected if the entire anterior surface of one leg is burned?

Accepted Answer

$$ 9\% $$

Question 3

Which of the following connective tissues is best suited for resisting compression and is found at the ends of long bones and in the nose?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 4

A 10-year-old child is diagnosed with rickets. Which of the following best explains the underlying cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Defective mineralization of bone matrix due to vitamin D deficiency

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of eccrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Produce sweat for thermoregulation and are distributed widely over the body

Question 6

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures due to which of the following changes in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass due to greater bone resorption than deposition

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct sequence of layers in the epidermis from deepest to most superficial?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum

Question 8

A biopsy of a gland reveals ducts that branch and secretory cells arranged in rounded clusters. Which type of gland is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Compound alveolar (acinar) gland

Question 9

Which of the following best explains the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification forms flat bones of the skull, while endochondral ossification forms most long bones from a cartilage model.

Question 10

A patient presents with a suspicious skin lesion. According to the ABCD rule for melanoma, which of the following is most concerning?

Accepted Answer

A lesion with asymmetry, irregular border, multiple colors, and diameter greater than 6 mm

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts resorb bone by breaking down bone matrix

Question 12

A 25-year-old athlete suffers a greenstick fracture. Which of the following best describes this type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

A fracture in which the bone breaks incompletely, much like a green twig

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the skin that helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Dilation and constriction of dermal blood vessels

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between appositional and interstitial growth in cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth increases cartilage thickness by adding new matrix to the outside, while interstitial growth increases length by expanding from within.

Question 15

A patient with Paget’s disease of bone is most likely to exhibit which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive and haphazard bone deposition and resorption leading to weak, deformed bones

Question 16

Which of the following best explains the hormonal regulation of blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone increases blood calcium by stimulating osteoclast activity

Question 17

A patient with a deep laceration to the skin is undergoing tissue repair. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation, organization, regeneration and fibrosis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the organic component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Provides flexibility and tensile strength

Question 19

A patient presents with a skin lesion that is pearly, raised, and has visible blood vessels. Which type of skin cancer is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the microscopic structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Contains osteons with concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Tissues, Integumentary System, and Skeletal System

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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