$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

The molecule shown in the image is a critical energy carrier in cells. What is the name of this molecule?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 2

Which component of the molecule shown is responsible for storing and releasing energy during cellular processes?

Accepted Answer

The triphosphate group

Question 3

What type of chemical bond is indicated by the red squiggly line between the phosphate groups in the image, and why is it significant?

Accepted Answer

High-energy phosphoanhydride bond; it releases energy when broken

Question 4

Which process in the cell directly uses the energy released from the hydrolysis of the molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

Active transport across membranes

Question 5

What is the correct chemical equation for the hydrolysis of the molecule shown in the image?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 6

Which organelle is primarily responsible for synthesizing the molecule shown in the image during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 7

The ribose sugar in the molecule shown is a component of which type of nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

RNA

Question 8

If a mutation caused the ribose in this molecule to be replaced with deoxyribose, what would the new molecule be called?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the adenine base in the molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a nitrogenous base for nucleic acid synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the molecule shown is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is a nucleotide that serves as the main energy currency of the cell

Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes: Chapters 1–8

Study Guide - Practice Questions