Question 1

Which of the following best describes the hierarchy of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

Question 2

Which of the following is a primary function of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Movement and thermoregulation

Question 3

Which statement about the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophobic tails face each other, forming the membrane's core

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why the body regulates extracellular fluid (ECF) rather than intracellular fluid (ICF)?

Accepted Answer

ECF directly bathes and supplies nutrients to cells, making it easier to regulate

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in blood glucose levels after insulin secretion

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood, while exocrine glands secrete substances into ducts leading to the external environment

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide

Question 8

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction

Question 9

A reaction has an equilibrium constant $$K = 0.5. $$Which of the following is true about this reaction?

Accepted Answer

It is endergonic and requires energy input

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of NADH in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It carries electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of the induced fit model of enzyme action?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme's active site molds to fit the substrate upon binding

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Protein packaging and shipping

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced using energy from electrons transferred through the electron transport chain, requiring oxygen

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Microfilaments are composed of actin and help increase surface area

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Transcription → Translation → Protein synthesis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

They anchor cells together and resist stretching

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of an anabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of proteins from amino acids

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the energy yield from NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH produces 2.5 ATP and FADH$$_2$$ produces 1.5 ATP

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

The end product of a pathway inhibits an earlier enzyme, preventing overproduction

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions in human cells?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to lactate to regenerate NAD$$^+$$

APK2105C Exam 1 UGA TA Review Material

Study Guide - Practice Questions