$$\text{Mass number} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

$$\text{Number of neutrons} = \text{Mass number} - \text{Atomic number}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

An atom with a different number of neutrons than protons.

Question 2

If an atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 6, Mass number: 12

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass number} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a molecule that stores and releases energy for cellular processes.

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with a metabolic disorder that affects the breakdown of glucose. Which cellular process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the relationship between atoms and molecules?

Accepted Answer

Molecules are made of atoms.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct definition of a proton?

Accepted Answer

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus.

Question 8

If an atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 10 electrons, what is its overall charge?

Accepted Answer

$$-2$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

It has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other.

Question 10

Which of the following is the best example of a real-life application of understanding isotopes in medicine?

Accepted Answer

Using isotopes as tracers in diagnostic imaging.

Question 11

A scientist discovers a new atom with 15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 15 electrons. What is the atomic number and mass number of this atom?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 15, Mass number: 31

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the number of neutrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of neutrons} = 	ext{Mass number} - 	ext{Atomic number}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 15

A patient is given a radioactive isotope for a PET scan. What property of isotopes makes this possible?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have unstable nuclei that emit radiation.

Atoms, Molecules, and the Chemistry of Life: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions