Question 1

Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the mandible during chewing, and what is its innervation?

Accepted Answer

Masseter; Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 2

A patient presents with an inability to close their eyelids. Which muscle and nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi; Facial nerve (VII)

Question 3

Which muscle is responsible for compressing the cheek, such as when blowing a trumpet?

Accepted Answer

Buccinator

Question 4

The sternocleidomastoid muscle, when contracted unilaterally, produces which movement?

Accepted Answer

Rotation of the head to the opposite side

Question 5

Which muscle group is the primary extensor of the vertebral column and helps maintain the lumbar curve?

Accepted Answer

Erector spinae group

Question 6

During inspiration, which muscle contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 7

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the superior lip and flaring the nostril?

Accepted Answer

Levator labii superioris

Question 8

A patient is unable to abduct the scapula, resulting in 'winged scapula.' Which muscle and nerve are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior; Long thoracic nerve

Question 9

Which muscle forms the floor of the oral cavity and assists in depressing the tongue?

Accepted Answer

Mylohyoid

Question 10

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the phrenic nerve and is essential for breathing?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 11

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the vertebral column and is commonly referred to as the 'abs'?

Accepted Answer

Rectus abdominis

Question 12

Which muscle is responsible for depressing the hyoid bone and is innervated by spinal nerves C1-3?

Accepted Answer

Omohyoid

Question 13

Which muscle is responsible for abducting, rotating, and flexing the head, and is innervated by spinal nerves C2-4 and the accessory nerve (XI)?

Accepted Answer

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 14

Which muscle, when contracted, pulls the angle of the mouth laterally, aiding in actions such as laughing or smiling?

Accepted Answer

Risorius

Question 15

Which muscle group is responsible for elevating ribs during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

External intercostals

Question 16

A patient has difficulty flexing and rotating their neck, and also experiences tingling in their upper limbs. Which muscle group and nerve roots are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Scalenes; Spinal nerves C3-8

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for depressing the inferior lip and is innervated by the facial nerve (VII)?

Accepted Answer

Depressor labii inferioris

Question 18

Which muscle is the primary abductor of the scapula, moving it away from the spinal column?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Question 19

Which muscle, when contracted, causes protrusion of the lower lip and elevation of the skin of the chin?

Accepted Answer

Mentalis

Question 20

Which muscle is responsible for flexing, adducting, and medially rotating the humerus, and is innervated by the medial and lateral pectoral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Axial Musculature: Head, Neck, and Trunk Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards