Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a physical and a chemical change in matter within the human body?

Accepted Answer

A chemical change alters the basic nature of a substance, while a physical change does not.

Question 2

Which form of energy is directly involved in moving matter, such as muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical energy

Question 3

Given the chemical reaction: $$\mathrm{Na^+} + \mathrm{Cl^-} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}$$, what type of change is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Chemical change

Question 4

Which element makes up the largest percentage of body mass in humans?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 5

If an atom has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, what is its atomic number?

Accepted Answer

$$3$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct example of a molecule, but not a compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2$}$$

Question 7

What is the role of potassium ($$\mathrm{K}) in $$the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is necessary for the conduction of nerve impulses and muscle contraction in its ionic form.

Question 8

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical identity (atomic number) of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with anemia due to a deficiency in the element that is a component of hemoglobin. Which element is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}) $$has properties different from sodium and chlorine?

Accepted Answer

Chemical bonding changes the properties of the elements involved.

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding ions?

Accepted Answer

Ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons.

Question 12

Which element is essential for the formation of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 13

Which of the following best describes ATP’s role in the body?

Accepted Answer

ATP traps the chemical energy of food in its bonds.

Question 14

A molecule of water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}) is $$classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Both a molecule and a compound

Question 15

Which of the following elements is found in the greatest abundance in proteins and nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Question 16

If a neutral atom of carbon has 6 protons, how many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a gas found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 18

Which element is most important for water balance and nerve impulse conduction in its ionic form?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the atomic structure of helium ($$\mathrm{He}$$)?

Accepted Answer

2 protons, 2 neutrons, 2 electrons

Question 20

Which of the following elements is required for blood clotting and muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology: Matter, Energy, and Atomic Structure

Study Guide - Practice Questions