Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the effector in a negative feedback loop for homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It provides the means for the control center's response to the stimulus, restoring the variable to homeostatic levels.

Question 2

A patient is given intravenous fluids that are hypertonic relative to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The cells will shrink as water leaves the cells by osmosis.

Question 3

Which anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal) plane

Question 4

A person suffers a deep cut on the anterior surface of their antebrachial region. Where is this injury located?

Accepted Answer

Front of the forearm

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a body cavity and the organ it contains?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic cavity – lungs

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the plasma membrane is described as a 'fluid mosaic'?

Accepted Answer

It consists of a double layer of phospholipids with proteins and cholesterol scattered throughout, allowing lateral movement.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and modification

Question 8

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell, causing it to swell. What type of solution is this?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

They anchor adjacent cells together to prevent them from being pulled apart.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the flow of information in a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus → Receptor → Control Center → Effector → Response

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelium consists of one layer of cells, while stratified epithelium consists of multiple layers.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Storage of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus

Question 13

A patient has a tumor that is classified as malignant. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

The tumor has invaded other body areas and may metastasize.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

The body is standing erect, feet parallel, arms at the sides with palms facing forward.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a proximal/distal relationship?

Accepted Answer

The knee is distal to the thigh.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Site of aerobic respiration and ATP production

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting after injury

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between structure and function in anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

The structure of a body part determines its function, and function can influence structure.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order of the levels of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Atoms → Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ systems → Organism

BIO 163: Human Anatomy & Physiology I – Study Notes (Chapters 1–5)

Study Guide - Practice Questions