Question 1

Which of the following statements about cigarette smoking is TRUE based on current scientific understanding?

Accepted Answer

Cigarette smoke contains more than 70 known carcinogens.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy is the study of structure, and physiology is the study of function; structure and function are always correlated.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?

Accepted Answer

Lack of cellular organization

Question 4

A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.10. Which homeostatic parameter is out of normal range, and what is the likely condition?

Accepted Answer

pH; acidosis

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct order of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Sweating to cool the body when overheated

Question 7

Which of the following is considered an essential nutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 8

A person is exposed to cigarette smoke regularly but does not smoke themselves. Which health risk is most associated with this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of diseases similar to active smokers due to passive smoking

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why living organisms are fundamentally different from non-living things?

Accepted Answer

Living organisms use energy for physical and conscious development.

Question 10

Which organ system is primarily responsible for maintaining boundaries between the internal and external environments at the organismal level?

Accepted Answer

Integumentary system

Question 11

A student skips breakfast and plans to eat more at lunch and dinner. Which of the following is a likely physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Decreased cognitive performance due to low morning glucose

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function necessary to maintain life in humans?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 13

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The body’s ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment despite external changes

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct example of a multi-step process involving multiple organ systems?

Accepted Answer

Ingesting food, which is digested by the digestive system, absorbed into the bloodstream, and transported by the cardiovascular system

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible but incorrect misconception about passive smoking?

Accepted Answer

Passive smoking is less harmful than regular smoking.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best definition of health according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

Accepted Answer

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about essential nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Omission of an essential nutrient results in a decline of function.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a tissue?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tissue

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct normal range for blood glucose concentration in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$75-95\ 	ext{mg/dL}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane at the cellular level?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for the entire body

BIO-226: Human Structure and Function - Introduction and Structural Organization

Study Guide - Practice Questions