Question 1

Which property of water allows it to cushion and protect the body's structures, such as the brain and spinal cord, from physical trauma?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat capacity

Question 2

A molecule that does not dissolve easily in water is described as:

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic

Question 3

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Amino and carboxylic acid

Question 4

If blood pH falls below 7.35, the body's systems experience:

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 5

Which of the following molecules is NOT considered a polymer?

Accepted Answer

Lipid

Question 6

Why are glycoproteins and glycolipids important for cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

They allow cells to recognize and communicate with one another

Question 7

Which organ systems work together to maintain pH balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory and urinary

Question 8

Which statement concerning protein structure is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary structure is present in all proteins and consists of the combination of several polypeptide chains.

Question 9

What chemical binds free hydrogen ions in solution?

Accepted Answer

Buffer

Question 10

The more hydrogen ions present in a solution, the more ______ the solution.

Accepted Answer

Acidic

Question 11

Which of the following is the primary lipid found in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid

Question 12

What is the process called when a protein loses its structure and function due to exposure to extreme heat or chemical factors?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 13

Which reaction involves the addition of water to break down large molecules into smaller molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 14

On the pH scale, which number has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?

Accepted Answer

pH 2

Question 15

A hydrogen acceptor in a solution is called a:

Accepted Answer

Base

Question 16

Which of the following organic compounds is NOT found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 17

Match the macromolecule to its primary function: Which macromolecule stores and transmits genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 18

Which type of fatty acid contains two or more double covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Polyunsaturated

Question 19

Which property of water is most important for regulating body temperature during exercise?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 20

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10} [H^+]$$

Biochemistry and Macromolecules in Anatomy & Physiology: Study Guide Ch. 2 4-5

Study Guide - Practice Questions