Question 1

Which component of blood is responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting substances such as bilirubin and fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 2

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin B12 is most likely to develop which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 3

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

Accepted Answer

Stimulate red blood cell production in bone marrow

Question 4

If a person with blood type O- receives blood from a donor with blood type A+, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination due to anti-A and anti-D antibodies

Question 5

Which enzyme is responsible for converting carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 6

A blood sample is centrifuged. Which layer contains the majority of white blood cells and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Buffy coat

Question 7

Which of the following is a granulocyte and is most abundant in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 8

What is the correct sequence for the development of a mature erythrocyte from a stem cell?

Accepted Answer

Hemocytoblast → Proerythroblast → Reticulocyte → Erythrocyte

Question 9

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?

Accepted Answer

AB+

Question 10

A woman who is Rh-negative becomes pregnant with an Rh-positive fetus. What is the risk for subsequent pregnancies if she is not treated?

Accepted Answer

Maternal antibodies may attack fetal red blood cells, causing erythroblastosis fetalis

Question 11

Which of the following equations represents the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$ + H_2O \rightarrow H_2CO_3}$$

Question 12

Which protein is converted to fibrin during the coagulation cascade?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 13

A patient presents with a high number of reticulocytes in their blood. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Increased erythropoiesis

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Transport of oxygen

Question 15

Which white blood cell type is elevated in parasitic infections and allergies?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophil

Question 16

What is the effect of loss of albumin from the blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Edema due to water leaving the vessels

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Hematocrit = \frac{Volume\;of\;RBC}{Total\;Blood\;Volume} 	imes 100\%}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a consequence of polycythemia?

Accepted Answer

Impaired normal circulation due to increased blood viscosity

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the ABO blood system is correct?

Accepted Answer

Type AB blood has no plasma antibodies

Question 20

Which process describes the movement of white blood cells through an intact capillary wall into tissues?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Blood: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions