Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of albumin in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

Maintains osmotic pressure and acts as a buffer

Question 2

A patient with a genetic mutation that prevents the production of erythropoietin would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Chronic tissue hypoxia due to low red blood cell count

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CO_2 + H_2O \xrightarrow{carbonic\ anhydrase} H_2CO_3 \rightarrow H^+ + HCO_3^-}$

Question 4

A person with type AB- blood can safely receive which of the following blood types in a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

A-, B-, AB-, and O-

Question 5

Which of the following white blood cells is most likely to increase in number during a parasitic worm infection?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 6

During hemostasis, which event occurs immediately after vascular spasm?

Accepted Answer

Platelet plug formation

Question 7

A patient with a deficiency in fibrinogen would most likely have which of the following clinical findings?

Accepted Answer

Impaired blood clot formation

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why red blood cells are biconcave in shape?

Accepted Answer

To maximize surface area for gas exchange

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the development of a red blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Proerythroblast → Erythroblast → Reticulocyte → Erythrocyte

Question 10

A patient with chronic kidney disease develops anemia. Which of the following best explains this finding?

Accepted Answer

Decreased production of erythropoietin

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of transferrin in the body?

Accepted Answer

It transports iron in the blood to tissues and bone marrow

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of basophils?

Accepted Answer

Release of histamine during allergic reactions

Question 13

A patient with a high hematocrit value is most likely to experience which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of blood clots

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of diapedesis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of white blood cells out of capillaries into tissues

Question 15

Which of the following blood tests would be most useful in diagnosing anemia?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin measurement

Question 16

A patient receives a transfusion of mismatched blood. Which of the following is the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of donor red blood cells

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why patients with leukemia often experience bruising and slow healing?

Accepted Answer

Overproduction of white blood cells crowds out platelet production

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Hematocrit = \frac{Volume\ of\ RBCs}{Total\ Blood\ Volume} 	imes 100}$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of thromboxanes in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate vasoconstriction during vascular spasm

Question 20

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin K would most likely have which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Impaired blood clotting due to lack of clotting factors

Blood: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance in Human Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions