$$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of RBCs}}{\text{Total Blood Volume}} \times 100$$

$$\text{O}_2 \text{ molecules per RBC} = 280,000,000 \times 4$$

$$\text{Plasma protein concentration} = \frac{7.6\,\text{g}}{100\,\text{mL}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Producing digestive enzymes for nutrient breakdown

Question 2

A patient’s blood sample shows a hematocrit of 60%. What does this indicate about the composition of their blood?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of formed elements is higher than normal

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumins

Question 4

During a blood transfusion, a patient with type A blood receives type B blood. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of the transfused RBCs

Question 5

Which equation best represents the calculation of hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of RBCs}}{	ext{Total Blood Volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the recycling of aged or damaged red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Globular proteins are broken down and amino acids are recycled

Question 7

A person with O− blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

O−

Question 8

Which of the following white blood cells is most abundant in a typical blood sample?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 9

What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 10

Which pathway in the coagulation phase of hemostasis is triggered by tissue factor released from damaged endothelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic pathway

Question 11

A patient with jaundice is most likely experiencing a problem with which organ?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of mature red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

They are anucleate and lack most organelles

Question 13

Which equation best represents the oxygen-carrying capacity of a single red blood cell?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{O}_2 	ext{ molecules per RBC} = 280,000,000 	imes 4$$

Question 14

Which of the following blood disorders is caused by a genetic mutation affecting the beta globin subunit of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell disease

Question 15

Which of the following is required for the synthesis of clotting factors by the liver?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 16

Which process describes the movement of white blood cells out of the bloodstream and into tissues?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 17

A complete blood count (CBC) includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose level

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about the ABO blood group system?

Accepted Answer

Type O blood lacks both A and B antigens

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Initiating blood clotting

Question 20

Which equation best represents the calculation for plasma protein concentration in 100 mL of plasma?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Plasma protein concentration} = \frac{7.6\,	ext{g}}{100\,	ext{mL}}$$

Blood: Structure, Function, and Clinical Significance

Study Guide - Practice Questions