Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of erythrocytes in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 2

A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and a hematocrit of 25%. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these findings?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure and preventing excessive fluid loss from blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donor types?

Accepted Answer

Any ABO blood type

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why vitamin K deficiency can lead to excessive bleeding?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of several clotting factors

Question 6

A patient with sickle cell anemia is most likely to experience which of the following complications during a hypoxic episode?

Accepted Answer

Clumping of sickled RBCs leading to blood vessel blockage

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the blood clotting process?

Accepted Answer

Prothrombin activator → Prothrombin → Thrombin → Fibrinogen → Fibrin

Question 8

A patient with a platelet count of 15,000/mm³ is at greatest risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Catastrophic bleeding

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of neutrophils in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis of bacteria

Question 10

A patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is most likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Marked increase in B lymphocytes

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why a person with type O blood is considered a universal donor?

Accepted Answer

Type O blood lacks A and B antigens on RBCs

Question 12

A patient with pernicious anemia is most likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Low vitamin B12 and macrocytic RBCs

Question 13

Which of the following is a possible consequence of untreated erythroblastosis fetalis in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Severe anemia and jaundice

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of Coumadin (warfarin) on the blood clotting process?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits synthesis of prothrombin

Question 15

A patient with a history of chronic ulcers presents with fatigue and a low hematocrit. Which type of anemia is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Chronic hemorrhagic anemia

Question 16

Which of the following is the most abundant type of leukocyte in normal blood?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 17

A patient with a genetic defect resulting in the absence of factor VIII will most likely present with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia A

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why a person with iron deficiency anemia has pale, small red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency leads to decreased hemoglobin synthesis

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary function of B lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Secreting antibodies

Question 20

A patient with a history of bone marrow destruction due to chemotherapy is most likely to develop which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Thrombocytopenia

Blood: Structure, Function, and Disorders

Study Guide - Practice Questions