Q: If a muscular artery has an average diameter of $$6\ mm$$ and an average wall thickness of $$1.0\ mm$$, what percentage of the diameter is made up by the wall thickness?

$$\frac{1.0}{6.0} \times 100 = 16.7\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main structural difference between arteries and veins as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Arteries have a thicker tunica media composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibers, while veins have a thinner tunica media and often contain valves.

Question 2

According to Table 32.1, which vessel type is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between blood and tissues?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries

Question 3

A histological section shows a blood vessel with a thick tunica media and a relatively small lumen. Based on the third image, what type of vessel is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Muscular artery

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between blood flow ($$Q$$), pressure difference ($$\Delta P$$), and resistance ($$R) in a $$vessel?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = \frac{\Delta P}{R}$$

Question 5

Which vessel type listed in Table 32.1 has the largest average lumen diameter and the thinnest wall relative to its diameter?

Accepted Answer

Vein

Question 6

A patient has a blockage in the right common carotid artery. Which area is most likely to experience reduced blood flow?

Accepted Answer

Right side of the head and neck

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why veins have valves, as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

To prevent the backflow of blood due to low pressure in the venous system

Question 8

If the average wall thickness of a capillary is $$0.5\ \mu m$$ and its average diameter is $$9\ \mu m$$, what is the ratio of wall thickness to diameter?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{0.5}{9} = 0.056$$

Question 9

Which vessel type is most likely to be affected by atherosclerosis, leading to increased resistance and potential hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Muscular arteries

Question 10

A patient presents with edema in the lower limbs. Which structural feature of veins, as seen in the first image, may be malfunctioning to cause this condition?

Accepted Answer

Valves

Question 11

Which of the following statements about capillaries is correct based on Table 32.1?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries are the only blood vessels whose walls permit exchange between blood and tissue cells.

Question 12

Which vessel type is described as having the function of 'blood reservoirs' and why?

Accepted Answer

Veins, because they have a large lumen and thin walls allowing them to hold more blood.

Question 13

If a muscular artery has an average diameter of $$6\ mm$$ and an average wall thickness of $$1.0\ mm$$, what percentage of the diameter is made up by the wall thickness?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1.0}{6.0} 	imes 100 = 16.7\%$$

Question 14

Which vessel type is most likely to experience the greatest drop in blood pressure as blood flows through it?

Accepted Answer

Arterioles

Question 15

A patient has a genetic defect affecting the collagen fibers in the tunica externa. Which vessel function is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Structural support and protection of the vessel

Blood Vessels: Structure, Function, and Major Pathways

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