Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones such as insulin

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the patella. Based on bone classification by shape, the patella is best described as which type of bone?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between red and yellow bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow is hematopoietic, while yellow marrow stores triglycerides

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct statement about the organic and inorganic components of the bone extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

The inorganic matrix is primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals

Question 5

A long bone is fractured and needs to be repaired. Which cell type is primarily responsible for building new bone matrix during the healing process?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of osteons, which are cylinders of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal

Question 7

Which process is responsible for the formation of most bones in the body, including the femur and vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 8

During longitudinal bone growth, which zone of the epiphyseal plate contains actively dividing chondrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Zone of proliferation

Question 9

A 70-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of her condition?

Accepted Answer

There is an inadequate inorganic matrix, leading to weak and brittle bones

Question 10

Which hormone is most responsible for accelerating the closure of the epiphyseal plate during puberty?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between primary and secondary bone?

Accepted Answer

Primary bone is formed first and is later replaced by stronger, more organized secondary bone

Question 12

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely have a problem with which component of bone?

Accepted Answer

Organic matrix

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why bones are able to adapt to sustained tension and stresses?

Accepted Answer

Bone remodeling is a continuous cycle of deposition and resorption

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes, which are then replaced by osteoblasts

Question 15

A child is diagnosed with a growth hormone deficiency. Which of the following would most likely be affected?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal growth of bones

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They dissolve bone extracellular matrix by secreting H$$^+$$ and enzymes

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the mineral component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2$$

Question 18

A patient with a fracture in the diaphysis of the femur is most likely to have damage to which structure?

Accepted Answer

Medullary cavity

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is always surrounded by compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone provides strength and protection for the more delicate spongy bone

Question 20

Which of the following best describes appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts deposit new compact bone under the periosteum, increasing bone width

Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Development

Study Guide - Practice Questions