Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Hormone synthesis

Question 2

A patient presents with extremely flexible bones after soaking them in vinegar for a week. Which component of bone was most affected?

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate crystals

Question 3

Which equation best represents the formation of hydroxylapatite, the primary mineral in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2 + Ca(OH)_2$$ \rightarrow Ca_{10}($$PO_4)_6(OH)_2$

Question 4

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption and is derived from the same stem cells as monocytes?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 5

What is the main function of osteocytes within the bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining protein and mineral content of the matrix

Question 6

Which structure allows for the exchange of nutrients, waste, and gases between osteocytes in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 7

A long bone is fractured. Which cell type is activated first to replenish damaged tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenic cells

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the organic phase of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers and glycoproteins

Question 9

Which bone cell is trapped in lacunae within the bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

Isolates bone from surrounding tissues

Question 11

Which bone structure is responsible for blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Contains osteons

Question 13

Which type of bone is most likely to be found in the wrist?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 14

Which layer covers the internal surface of bone cavities, including the osteon central canal?

Accepted Answer

Endosteum

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of bone functioning as levers?

Accepted Answer

Locomotion

Question 16

Which bone cell type is responsible for producing new bone matrix during osteogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the inorganic phase of bone?

Accepted Answer

It consists mainly of calcium phosphate crystals

Question 18

Which structure in compact bone contains blood vessels and is surrounded by concentric lamellae?

Accepted Answer

Central canal

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow for exchange of nutrients and waste between osteocytes

Question 20

A patient has abnormal deposits of hydroxylapatite in their kidneys. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Formation of kidney stones

Bones and Bone Structure: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions