Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of hormones

Question 2

A patient with a genetic defect in osteoclast function is most likely to develop which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Osteopetrosis

Question 3

Which bone type is characterized by being roughly cube-shaped and found in the wrist and ankle?

Accepted Answer

Short bones

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Bone deposition by secreting organic matrix materials

Question 5

A 14-year-old patient has a fracture that disrupts the epiphyseal plate. What is the most likely long-term consequence?

Accepted Answer

Premature cessation of longitudinal bone growth

Question 6

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 7

During intramembranous ossification, which of the following occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why osteoporosis increases the risk of bone fractures?

Accepted Answer

Bones have inadequate inorganic matrix

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → soft callus formation → bone callus formation → bone remodeling

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Honeycomb-like framework of trabeculae that resists forces from many directions

Question 11

A patient with vitamin D deficiency is likely to experience which of the following effects on bone?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone deposition due to reduced calcium ion absorption

Question 12

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Bone deposition is stimulated by compression

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the organic matrix (osteoid) in bone?

Accepted Answer

Provides flexibility and resistance to tensile forces

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of compact bone compared to spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Presence of osteons with central canals

Question 15

A patient with achondroplasia has a mutation affecting which process?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the epiphyseal plate is essential for bone growth in length?

Accepted Answer

It contains actively dividing chondrocytes

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of appositional growth?

Accepted Answer

Growth in width by addition of new bone at the surface

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of a lack of estrogen in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of osteoporosis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone and calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates osteoclast activity and increases blood calcium

Question 20

A patient with a compound fracture is at greater risk for which complication compared to a simple fracture?

Accepted Answer

Infection due to exposure of bone and tissue

Bones and Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, Growth, and Repair

Study Guide - Practice Questions