Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones for metabolism

Question 2

A forensic scientist is examining a long bone to estimate the age of a skeleton. Which structure should they focus on, and what is it primarily composed of in a child?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate; hyaline cartilage

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why babies have more red marrow than adults?

Accepted Answer

Babies require rapid red blood cell production to accommodate growth.

Question 4

If a person’s spongy bone were all replaced by compact bone, what would be the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The skeleton would be stronger but also heavier.

Question 5

Which of the following substances are primarily stored in bones?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides and Calcium

Question 6

Which type of bone cell becomes more active when blood calcium levels drop below normal?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the analogy between compact bone and a brick wall?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and strong, providing structural support like a brick wall.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone type and example?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone: patella

Question 9

Which structure is most closely associated with the perforating fibers in bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 10

A patient with osteoporosis has an imbalance in bone cell activity. Which cell type is more active, and why?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts; they break down bone matrix faster than it is rebuilt.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow osteocytes to communicate and exchange nutrients.

Question 12

If all collagen fibers in adjacent lamellae of an osteon were oriented in the same direction, what would be the effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

The bone would break more easily if stress were applied from a different direction.

Question 13

Which of the following is true regarding the structure of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

It contains trabeculae aligned with lines of stress.

Question 14

Which of the following nutrients would George Pollard and Charles Ramsdell most likely obtain by sucking on the broken long bones of their shipmates?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides from adipose tissue

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the periosteum is correct?

Accepted Answer

The fibrous layer provides attachment sites for ligaments.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the composition and function of the inorganic matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite crystals; provide hardness and strength

Question 17

Which pathway correctly identifies the relationship between bone cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteoprogenitor → osteoblast → osteocyte

Question 18

Which structure allows osteocytes to receive nutrients in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 19

Which of the following would most likely occur if a bone lacked a nutrient foramen?

Accepted Answer

Bones would lose blood supply and nerves.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of replacing hydroxyapatite crystals in bone with a gel-like extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

The inorganic matrix would lack the hardness necessary for bones to bear weight.

Bones and Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Cellular Anatomy

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